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  3. Are you a social butterfly, or do you prefer being at the edge of a group of fri

Are you a social butterfly, or do you prefer being at the edge of a group of fri

游客2024-05-28  31
问题 Are you a social butterfly, or do you prefer being at the edge of a group of friends? Either way, your genes and evolution may play a major role, US researchers reported on Monday.
     While it may come as no surprise that genes may help explain why some people have many friends and others have few, the researchers said, their findings go just a little farther than that.
     "Some of the things we find are frankly bizarre," said Nicholas Christakis of Harvard University in Massachusetts, who helped conduct the study.
     "We find that how interconnected your friends are depends on your genes. Some people have four friends who know each other and some people have four friends who don’t know each other. Whether Dick and Harry know each other depends on Tom’s genes," Christakis said in a telephone interview.
     Christakis and colleague James Fowler of the University of California San Diego are best known for their studies that show obesity, smoking and happiness spread in networks.
     For this study, they and Christopher Dawes of UCSD used national data that compared more than 1,000 identical and fraternal twins. Because twins share an environment, these studies are good for showing the impact that genes have on various things, because identical twins share all their genes while fraternal twins share just half.  
      "We found there appears to be a genetic tendency to introduce your friends to each other," Christakis Said.
     There could be good, evolutionary reasons for this. People in the middle of a social network could be privy to useful gossip, such as the location of food or good investment choices.
     But they would also be at risk of catching germs from all sides-in which ease the advantage would lie in more cautious social behavior, they wrote in the proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
     "It may be that natural selection is acting on not just things like whether or not we can resist the common cold, but also who it is that we are going to come into contact with," Fowler said in a statement.  [br] Which word(s) in the passage can best replace the phrase "natural selection"?
选项
答案 Genes and evolution.
解析 本题可以说是一个主旨题。全文围绕的话题是:一个人的基因及进化过程决定了他的交际类型。首段提出了这个研究发现，第2段到倒数第2段对这一研究作了详细的说明，最后一段是结论，再次重申了这一观点。对比首末两段的内容就可以推断出末段的natural selection等同于首段的genes and evolution，它们都是决定一个人交际类型的因素。  
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