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  3. Oil is the substance that lubricates the world’s economy. Because so many of

Oil is the substance that lubricates the world’s economy. Because so many of

游客2024-05-02  9
问题     Oil is the substance that lubricates the world’s economy. Because so many of our modern technologies and services depend on oil, nations, corporations, and institutions that control the trade in oil exercise extraordinary power. The "energy crisis" of 1973-1974 in the United States demonstrated how the price of oil can affect US government policies and the energy-using habits of the nation.
    By 1973, domestic US sources of oil were peaking, and the nation was importing more of its oil, depending on a constant flow from abroad to keep cars on the road and machines running. In addition, at that time a greater percentage of homes and electrical plants were run on petroleum than today. Then, in 1973, the predominantly Arab nations of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC)resolved to stop selling oil to the United States. The move was prompted by OPEC’s desire to raise prices by restricting supply and by its opposition to US support of Israel in the Arab-Israeli Yom Kippur War. The embargo(禁运)created panic in the West and caused oil prices to shoot up. Short-term oil shortage drove American consumers to wait in long lines at gas pumps.
    In response to the embargo, the US government enforced a series of policies designed to reduce reliance on foreign oil. These included developing additional domestic sources(such as those on Alaska’s North Slope), resuming extraction at sites that had been shut down because of cost inefficiency, capping the price that domestic producers could charge for oil, and beginning to import oil from a greater diversity of nations. The government also established a stockpile(贮存)of oil as a short-term buffer(缓冲)against future shortages. Stored underground in large salt caves in Louisiana, this stockpile is called the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, and currently contains over 600 million barrels of oil, roughly equivalent to one month’s supply. [br] As a measure to counter future shortages, the American government decided to______in caves underground.
选项
答案 establish a stockpile of oil
解析 细节辨认题。由定位句可知，美国政府建立石油储备来作为应对未来石油短缺的短期缓冲。该储备储藏在路易斯安那州的地下盐穴中。题干中的As a measure to counter future shortages为原文中as a short-term buffer against future shortages的同义转述，作目的状语。题干中的in caves underground即原文中underground in large salt caves，作地点状语。对比原文，题干中缺少的是政府的措施，即原文中的established a stockpile of oil。此处应注意，题干中decided to后接动词原形，故答案为establish a stockpile of oil。
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