首页
登录
职称英语
There is no better symbol of the benefits of globalization than the containe
There is no better symbol of the benefits of globalization than the containe
游客
2024-04-21
30
管理
问题
There is no better symbol of the benefits of globalization than the container ship. More than 9 billion tonnes of goods and materials were transported by sea in 2012, with trade helping to lift global growth rates. An ever-expanding web of links connects rich and poor; developing countries now account for around 60% of seaborne trade. But ships also show the rotten side of trade: protectionism.
Protectionism in shipping is centuries old. In a 1905 study Royal Meeker, an American economist, explained how a system of subsidies developed under Elizabeth I. Rewards were based on tonnage of ship, and included "bounties" paid to fishing boats heading for the North Sea in search of herring. Adam Smith provided an early economic analysis in "The Wealth of Nations", lamenting: "It has, I am afraid, been too common for vessels to fit out for the sole purpose of catching, not the fish, but the bounty." The handouts distorted the shipbuilding industry, resulting in an oversize fishing fleet and a wrong allocation of resources.
Far from avoiding the distortion Smith spotted, governments have been keen to nurture it. The early logic was military. A strong merchant fleet meant lots of boats that could be commandeered during times of war. One way to bolster shipping has been to grant profitable contracts for postal delivery: Britain’s Cunard lines benefited hugely from such a deal in the 1830s. Another method, used by both America and Japan in the early 1900s, was easy finance, in the form of cut-price government loans.
Modern shipping subsidies are used to build economic heft rather than military might. Governments like shipping due to the knock-on effects of a booming yard. Modern ships are huge(up to 400m long)and include up to 30,000 parts. Assembling them is labour-intensive, and so is making the parts that outside suppliers provide to the shipyards. A recent report by America’s Maritime Administration estimated that more than 107,000 people work in the country’s heavily protected shipyards. Adding in the companies supporting the yards, and the shops and services that support these workers, the total ran to 400,000, an employment "multiplier" of 4. So, the idea is, by helping shipping a government indirectly supports workers in many other industries.
Yet economists’ views on subsidies have hardened over time. In deciding whether a subsidy violates trade rules, the World Trade Organisation(WTO)uses a "price gap" approach. The idea is simple: if a country is producing and selling something at a big discount to what others are charging, there is probably something fishy going on. [br] We can learn from the passage that modern shipping subsidies are often used to
选项
A、build military might
B、maintain a country’ s international status
C、ensure the safety of territorial waters
D、promote economy and employment
答案
D
解析
细节题,本题考查的是现代的船舶津贴的用处,可以定位到文中的Modernshipping subsidies are used to build economic heft rather than military might…So,theidea is,by helping shipping a government indirectly supports workers in many otherindustries.从这里我们可以看出主要目的是促进经济发展,促进就业,所以D项符合文章意思,A项讲的是过去发放津贴的目的,B项、C项文中没有提及。因此,正确答案是D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3565425.html
相关试题推荐
Thereisnobettersymbolofthebenefitsofglobalizationthanthecontaine
Thereisnobettersymbolofthebenefitsofglobalizationthanthecontaine
Thereisnobettersymbolofthebenefitsofglobalizationthanthecontaine
LessNews,MuchBetterA)Inthepastfewdecades,thefortu
LessNews,MuchBetterA)Inthepastfewdecades,thefortu
LessNews,MuchBetterA)Inthepastfewdecades,thefortu
LessNews,MuchBetterA)Inthepastfewdecades,thefortu
LessNews,MuchBetterA)Inthepastfewdecades,thefortu
中国的发展离不开世界,同样世界的繁荣需要中国。中国顺应经济全球化(economicglobalization)的发展趋势,坚持在更大范围、更广领域和更高
TheInternet,e-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapos
随机试题
【B1】[br]【B11】A、distantB、deepC、longD、farD“asfarasIcould”意为“尽我所能”,常作固定结构
[originaltext]Inthepast,messengersoftencarriedlettersfromplacetop
下列关于胃酸分泌调节的叙述,正确的是()A.头期为纯神经调节 B.胃期南神
建筑工程实行总承包的,工程质量由()负责。A.工程总承包单位 B.分包单位
下列选项属于主要量化对冲策略的是()。 Ⅰ.阿尔法套利 Ⅱ.股指期货套利
凡运动着的、兴奋的、上升的、外出的、前进的为阳,静止的、抑制的、下降的、内入的、
某公司计划在冬至当天举行包饺子比赛,若按照1名女性2名男性进行分组,则多出来15
根据战略层次的划分,人力资源战略属于()。A.组织战略 B.竞争战略
关于国有独资公司董事会的说法,错误的是()A.董事会中的职工董事由公司职工选
关于动态分析与静态分析的说法,正确的是()。A.在项目决策分析与评价中应遵循动
最新回复
(
0
)