小微企业(small and micro-sized firm)是小型企业、微型企业、家庭作坊式企业(family artisanalenterpris

游客2024-04-14  2

问题     小微企业(small and micro-sized firm)是小型企业、微型企业、家庭作坊式企业(family artisanalenterprise)和个体户的统称。目前中国小微企业规模有近5000万家,在国民经济中的支撑作用越来越大。小微企业是提供就业岗位的重要渠道,是创业的主要平台,是科技创新的重要力量。然而,由于受到资金、技术、人才等方面的限制,它们面临管理混乱、资金不足、效率低下、竞争能力弱的问题。近年来,中国政府出台了一系列政策,在贷款、税收等方面支持小微企业的发展。

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答案 Small and micro-sized firm is a general term for small firms, micro firms, family artisanal enterprises and individually owned businesses. Currently, there are approximately 50 million small and micro-sized firms in China, which play an increasingly important role in supporting the national economy. Small and micro-sized firms serve as a significant channel for creating jobs, a major platform for starting businesses, and an important force of scientific innovation. However, restricted by capital, technology, talents and so on, they suffer from chaotic management, capital shortage, low efficiency and weak competitive power. In recent years, the Chinese government has launched a series of policies to support the development of small and micro-sized firms in various aspects like loans and taxations.

解析 1.第二句可将“中国小微企业规模有近5000万家”作主句,使用there be句型,后接which引导的定语从句,进一步说明“5000万家小微企业”对中国经济的影响。“支撑作用越来越大”可理解为“起着越来越大的支撑作用”,译为play an increasingly important role in…。
2.第三句“小微企业是……,是……,是……”的结构很清晰,因此可直译,直接使用系表结构,be动词后接三个并列表语。也可将“是……”理解为“充当……角色”,译为serve as,后的接三个并列宾语。
3.倒数第二句“由于受到资金、技术……竞争能力弱的问题”中,第一个分句为因,第二个分句为果。故可将第一个分句译为原因状语从句,但由于该分句没有明显的主语,故需增补主语they;也可处理为过去分词短语作状语,译为restricted by…。句子的主干则为“它们面临……的问题”,“面临”后可直接加四个并列的名词短语作宾语。
4.最后一句可把“中国政府出台了政策”作为主干,“出台了”的措施对现在的活动还有影响,因此要使用现在完成时态。“在……方面支持小微企业的发展”可看作是“出台措施”的目的,故该分句处理为目的状语,译为to support the development of...in…。
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