首页
登录
职称英语
[originaltext]Moderator: Hi, everyone! I’m so happy that Benedetta Berti wi
[originaltext]Moderator: Hi, everyone! I’m so happy that Benedetta Berti wi
游客
2024-04-08
10
管理
问题
Moderator:
Hi, everyone! I’m so happy that Benedetta Berti will be our keynote speaker today. Benedetta Berti is a foreign policy and security researcher, analyst, consultant, author and lecturer. Her work focuses on human security and internal conflicts, as well as on post-conflict stabilization and peace building. Her work and research have appeared in Foreign Policy, Foreign Affairs, the Wall Street Journal and the New York Times. Welcome, Ms. Berti.
Benedetta Berti:
Thank you for the introduction. For the past decade, I’ve been studying non-state armed groups: armed organizations like terrorists, insurgents or militias. I document what these groups do when they’re not shooting. My goal is to better understand these violent actors and to study ways to encourage transition from violent engagement to nonviolent confrontation. I work in the field, in the policy world and in the library.
Understanding non-state armed groups is key to solving most ongoing conflict, because war has changed. It used to be a contest between states. No longer. It is now a conflict between states and non-state actors. For example, of the 216 peace agreements signed between 1975 and 2011, 196 of them were between a state and a non-state actor. So we need to understand these groups; we need to either engage them or defeat them in any conflict resolution process that has to be successful.
So how do we do that? We need to know what makes these organizations tick. We know a lot about how they fight, why they fight, but no one looks at what they’re doing when they’re not fighting. Yet, armed struggle and unarmed politics are related. It is all part of the same organization. We cannot understand these groups, let alone defeat them, if we don’t have the full picture.
And armed groups today are complex organizations. Take the Lebanese Hezbollah, known for its violent confrontation against Israel. But since its creation in the early 1980s, Hezbollah has also set up a political party, a social-service network, and a military apparatus. Similarly, the Palestinian Hamas, known for its suicide attacks against Israel, also runs the Gaza Strip since 2007. So these groups do way more than just shoot. They multi-task. They set up complex communication machines-radio stations, TV channels, Internet websites and social media strategies. And up here, you have the ISIS magazine, printed in English and published to recruit. Armed groups also invest in complex fund-raising-not looting, but setting up profitable businesses; for example, construction companies. Now, these activities are keys. They allow these groups to increase their strength, increase their funds, to better recruit and to build their brand.
Armed groups also do something else: they build stronger bonds with the population by investing in social services. They build schools, they run hospitals, they set up vocational-training programs or micro-loan programs. Hezbollah offers all of these services and more. Armed groups also seek to win the population over by offering something that the state is not providing: safety and security. The initial rise of the Taliban in war-torn Afghanistan, or even the beginning of the ascent of ISIS, can be understood also by looking at these groups’ efforts to provide security. Now, unfortunately, in these cases, the provision of security came at an unbearably high price for the population.
16. What does Benedetta Berti’s work focus on?
17. What has Benedetta Berti been studying for the past decade?
18. What does Benedetta Berti say about the ISIS magazine?
19. What was the reason for the initial rise of the Taliban in war-torn Afghanistan?
选项
A、Ethnic armed groups.
B、Non-state armed groups.
C、War protesters.
D、Anti-government protesters.
答案
B
解析
根据录音,BenedettaBerti 在过去十年研究的是非国家武装组织,因此选B)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3546630.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Tofinishtoday’sprogram,IwanttotellyouabouttheWater
[originaltext]Tofinishtoday’sprogram,IwanttotellyouabouttheWater
[originaltext]Tofinishtoday’sprogram,IwanttotellyouabouttheWater
[originaltext]Tofinishtoday’sprogram,IwanttotellyouabouttheWater
[originaltext]Areyouafraidtoraiseyourhandinclass,evenwhenyoukno
[originaltext]Areyouafraidtoraiseyourhandinclass,evenwhenyoukno
[originaltext]Areyouafraidtoraiseyourhandinclass,evenwhenyoukno
[originaltext]W:Dr.Thomas?ThisisKeetBradleyfromtheDailyNews.I’dlike
[originaltext]W:Dr.Thomas?ThisisKeetBradleyfromtheDailyNews.I’dlike
[originaltext]W:WhatisthehomeassignmentfromprofessorSmith?Imissedthe
随机试题
[audioFiles]audio_eusm_j01_036(20099)[/audioFiles]A、Themanshouldstartrunnin
Four-year-ridchildrenarebeingtestedfortheirabilitytorecognizesimpl
通过布雷德绍提出的四种需要的类型来界定社区需求时,社会各方面都显示有需要,并且没
下列不符合子宫内膜异位症的是A.病变随月经周期变化 B.发生在子宫肌层称子宫肌
2009年11月,首届世界低碳与生态经济大会技术博览会在江西南昌召开,在这次大会
断面黄色,老根中心枯朽状或中空,味苦的中药材是A.大黄B.黄芩C.黄连D.黄芪E
北京甲公司(位于北京)和杭州乙公司(位于杭州)因合同纠纷,甲公司依照约定向北京仲
( )是商业银行某一时点可直接用于贷款和投资的资金。是商业银行盈利性资产的主要
通风与空调工程施工中,风管的加固形式有()。A.角钢加固 B.折角加固 C
某工人在其特种作业操作证有效期内,连续在起重机吊装岗位工作11年,从未发生过违章
最新回复
(
0
)