[originaltext] In some large American city schools, as many as 20% -40% of t

In some large American city schools, as many as 20% -40% of the students are absent each day.(9)There are two major reasons for such absences: one is sickness, and the other is truancy. Students who play truant stay away from school without permission. Since school officials can’t do much about illness, they are concentrating on reducing the number of truants. One of the most promising schemes has been tried in Florida.(10)The pupils there with good attendance have been given free hamburgers, toys and T-shirts. Classes are told that if they show improved rates of attendance, they can win additional gifts. At the same time, teachers are being encouraged to inspire their students to come to school regularly. When those teachers are successful, they are also rewarded. "We’ve been punishing truants for years, but that hasn’t brought them back to school," one school principal said. " Now we are trying the positive approach. Not only do you learn by showing up every day, but you earn. " In San Francisco, the Board of Education has had a somewhat similar idea.(11)Schools that show a decrease in deliberate destruction of property can receive the amount of money that would be spent on repairs and replacements. For example, 12,000 dollars had been set aside for a school’s property damages every year. Since repair expenses of damaged property required only 4,000 dollars, the remaining 8,000 dollars was turned over to the Student Activities Fund. "Our democracy operates on hope and encouragement," said a school board member. "Why not provide some positive goals for students and teachers to aim at?"
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9. Which of the following is a major reason for students’ absence from school?
10. Who will be given free hamburgers, toys and T-shirts in schools in Florida?
11. What measure has been taken in San Francisco to reduce the destruction of school property?