首页
登录
职称英语
The Impact of Wilderness TourismA)The market for tourism in
The Impact of Wilderness TourismA)The market for tourism in
游客
2024-03-12
28
管理
问题
The Impact of Wilderness Tourism
A)The market for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before. Countries all across the world are actively promoting their "wilderness" regions—such as mountains, Arctic lands, deserts, small islands and wetlands—to high-spending tourists. The attraction of these areas is obvious: by definition, wilderness tourism requires little or no initial investment. But that does not mean that there is no cost. As the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development recognized, these regions are fragile(i.e. highly vulnerable to abnormal pressures)not just in terms of their ecology, but also in terms of the culture of their inhabitants.
B)The three most significant types of fragile environment in these respects, and also in terms of the proportion of the Earth’ s surface they cover, are deserts, mountains and Arctic areas. An important characteristic is their marked seasonality, with harsh conditions prevailing for many months each year. Consequently, most human activities, including tourism, are limited to quite clearly defined parts of the year.
C)Tourists are drawn to these regions by their natural landscape beauty and the unique cultures of their indigenous people. And poor governments in these isolated areas have welcomed the new breed of "adventure tourist", grateful for the hard currency they bring. For several years now, tourism has been the prime source of foreign exchange in Nepal and Bhutan. Tourism is also a key element in the economies of Arctic zones such as Lapland and Alaska and in desert areas such as Ayers Rock in Australia and Arizona’ s Monument Valley.
D)Once a location is established as a main tourist destination, the effects on the local community are profound. When hill-farmers, for example, can make more money in a few weeks working as porters for foreign trekkers than they can in a year working in their fields, it is not surprising that many of them give up their farm-work, which is thus left to other members of the family.
E)In some hill-regions, this has led to a serious decline in farm output and a change in the local diet, because there is insufficient labour to maintain terraces and irrigation systems and tend to crops. The result has been that many people in these regions have turned to outside supplies of rice and other foods.
F)In Arctic and desert societies, year-round survival has traditionally depended on hunting animals and fish and collecting fruit over a relatively short season. However, as some inhabitants become involved in tourism, they no longer have time to collect wild food; this has led to increasing dependence on bought food and stores.
G)Tourism is not always the culprit behind such changes. All kinds of wage labour, or government handouts, tend to undermine traditional survival systems. Whatever the cause, the dilemma is always the same: what happens if these new, external sources of income dry up?
H)The physical impact of visitors is another serious problem associated with the growth in adventure tourism. Much attention has focused on erosion along major trails, but perhaps more important are the deforestation and impacts on water supplies arising from the need to provide tourists with cooked food and hot showers. In both mountains and deserts, slow-growing trees are often the main sources of fuel and water supplies may be limited or vulnerable to degradation through heavy use.
I)Stories about the problems of tourism have become legion in the last few years. Yet it does not have to be a problem. Although tourism inevitably affects the region in which it takes place, the costs to these fragile environments and their local cultures can be minimized. Indeed, it can even be a vehicle for reinvigorating local cultures, as has happened with the Sherpas of Nepal’ s Khumbu Valley and in some Alpine villages. And a growing number of adventure tourism operators are trying to ensure that their activities benefit the local population and environment over the long term.
J)In the Swiss Alps, communities have decided that their future depends on integrating tourism more effectively with the local economy. Local concern about the rising number of second home developments in the Swiss Pays d’ Enhaut resulted in limits being imposed on their growth. There has also been a renaissance in communal cheese production in the area, providing the locals with a reliable source of income that does not depend on outside visitors.
K)Many of the Arctic tourist destinations have been exploited by outside companies, who employ transient workers and repatriate most of the profits to their home base. But some Arctic communities are now operating tour businesses themselves, thereby ensuring that the benefits accrue locally. For instance, a native corporation in Alaska, employing local people, is running an air tour from Anchorage to Kotzebue, where tourists eat Arctic food, walk on the tundra and watch local musicians and dancers.
L)Native people in the desert regions of the American Southwest have followed similar strategies, encouraging tourists to visit their pueblos and reservations to purchase high-quality handicrafts and artwork. The Acoma and San Ildefonso pueblos have established highly profitable pottery businesses, while the Navajo and Hopi groups have been similarly successful with jewellery.
M)Too many people living in fragile environments have lost control over their economies, their culture and their environment when tourism has penetrated their homelands. Merely restricting tourism cannot be the solution to the imbalance, because people’ s desire to see new places will not just disappear. Instead, communities in fragile environments must achieve greater control over tourism ventures in their regions in order to balance their needs and aspirations with the demands of tourism. A growing number of communities are demonstrating that, with firm communal decision-making, this is possible. The critical question now is whether this can become the norm, rather than the exception. [br] The Acoma and San Ildefonso pueblos produce and sell high-quality potteries which in turn bring in high profits.
选项
答案
L
解析
本题意为阿科马和珊以尔德凡索这两个印第安村庄生产销售高质量的陶器因而获得高回报。题干中的名词Acoma and San Ildefonso pueblos是关键词,可以将答案定位在L段encouraging tourists to visit their pueblos and reservations topurchase high-quality handicrafts and artwork.The Acoma and San Ildefonso puebloshave established highly profitable pottery businesses。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3527489.html
相关试题推荐
SocialMediaandMarketingA)InMay2013,Ritz-CarltonH
SocialMediaandMarketingA)InMay2013,Ritz-CarltonH
SocialMediaandMarketingA)InMay2013,Ritz-CarltonH
SocialMediaandMarketingA)InMay2013,Ritz-CarltonH
SocialMediaandMarketingA)InMay2013,Ritz-CarltonH
TheImpactofWildernessTourismA)Themarketfortourismin
TheImpactofWildernessTourismA)Themarketfortourismin
TheImpactofWildernessTourismA)Themarketfortourismin
TheImpactofWildernessTourismA)Themarketfortourismin
TheImpactofWildernessTourismA)Themarketfortourismin
随机试题
Althoughthedistributionofrecordedmusicwentdigitalwiththeintroducti
Oneofthequestionscomingintofocusaswefacegrowingscarcityofresour
His(careless)________resultedinaseriouscaraccident.carelessness他的粗心导致了一场严
BritishpsychologistshavefoundevidenceofalinkbetweenexcessiveInternet
Whatproductisinquiredaboutinthefirstletter?Thelatestmodelof______.
对水泥,下列说法正确的是()。A.同一生产厂家、同一等级、同一品种、同一批号且
直流电源系统降压装置中硅元件的额定电流应满足所在回路最大持续负荷电流的要求,并应
依据《站用直流电源系统精益化评价细则》要求,在技术资料中,下列哪项不属于检修技术
《反对本本主义》是毛泽东的最早一篇马克思主义的哲学著作,它反映了毛泽东思想的三个
个人住房贷款的信用风险通常是因借款人的()和()A.还款意愿,担保品价值 B.
最新回复
(
0
)