[originaltext] Everyone is supposed to cheer for good guys, and we should on

游客2024-03-07  23

问题  
Everyone is supposed to cheer for good guys, and we should only punish the bad guys. But that’s not what we always do. Most of the time, we do indeed reward good people. We also often punish people who harm others, or who aren’t good team players. But sometimes the good guys also get punished or criticized. Specifically, because they are so good. This seems baffling, because it’s detrimental to group cooperation. However, the phenomenon has been discovered in multiple fields, and it has been found in every society.
    Why does this happen? Research suggests a simple reason. When one person looks really good, others look bad by comparison. Those others then have an incentive in stopping that person from looking good, especially if they can’t or won’t compete. After all, we’re all judged in comparison with others. When faced with someone better, what can a normal person do? One option is to actively compete.
    A second option is to bring that person down. That is to suppress their cooperation or work ethic, infer selfish motives for their actions, or imply real or imagine hypocrisy. Other tactics include attacking them on unrelated dimensions or punishing them outright. Why does this matter? Critics often attack the motives of people who protect the environment, donate money, or work too hard. Such good deeds are dismissed as naive or hypocritical by those who do not perform those deeds. This criticism may ultimately discourage people from doing good deeds. So it’s important to recognize these attacks for what they are.
    12. What baffling phenomenon is discussed in the passage?
    13. How are we all judged according to the passage?
    14. What can a normal person do when faced with people who perform better?
    15. What may discourage people from performing good deeds?

选项 A、Bad guys may do good deeds.
B、Bad guys may go unpunished.
C、Good guys may not always cooperate.
D、Good guys may get unfair treatment.

答案 D

解析 文章开头提到,每个人都应该为好人喝彩,而且我们应该只惩罚坏人。然而我们并不总是这么做。接下来指出,大多数时候,我们确实会奖励好人,但有时好人也会受到惩罚或批评。具体来说,是因为他们太好了。这似乎让人感到困惑。总结来说,好人可能会受到不公平的对待,因此选项D正确。其他三项文中并未提及,均排除。
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