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  3. A university Student in Nairobi, Kenya, was stopped for a traffic violation

A university Student in Nairobi, Kenya, was stopped for a traffic violation

游客2024-02-28  25
问题     A university Student in Nairobi, Kenya, was stopped for a traffic violation the other day. The policeman  took out his ticket book and asked, "What tribe are you?" In Lusaka, Zambia(赞比亚), a young man applying for a job was told to see the manager. He leaned over the receptionist’s desk and asked, "What tribe is he?" When the receptionist told him that the manager was a Mashona(马绍那人), the applicant replied, "Then I’ll never get the job."
    This phenomenon is called tribalism (部落制). There are more than 2,000 tribes in black Africa. Each has its own language, customs, names, and physical characteristics that make its members almost immediately recognizable to a person from another tribe. To the Westerner, tribalism is one of the most difficult of African customs to understand. It makes many people think of savagely(野性), warfare, or old-fashioned customs.
    However, to most Africans, tribalism simply means very strong loyalty to one’s ethnic group. It is a force that can be both good and bad. By definition tribalism means sharing among members of the extended family. It makes sure that a person is taken cam of by his own group. To give a job to a fellow tribesman is not wrong; it is an obligation. Similarly, for a politician or military leader, it is considered good common sense to choose his closest advisers from people of his own tribe. This ensures security, continuity, authority. Tribal loyalty may mean a quick promotion—from soldier to captain, from clerk to manager—within a very short time.
    Modem African politicians publicly speak out against tribal divisions. Yet it remains perhaps the most powerful force in day to day African life. As evidence of tribalism, in 1977 in Kenya, President Jomo Kenyatta’ s Kikuyu(基库尤人) tribe controlled business and politics. Eight of the 21 cabinet (内阁)pests, including the most important four, were filled by Kikuyus. In Ugandain the same year, the President’s small Kakwa tribe filled almost all the highest government and military positions. In Angola, Ethiopia, and Nigeria, the fighting in the past ten years can be partly explained by disagreements among tribes.
    One country that has largely avoided tribal problems is Tanzania. Some observers say this is partly because Tanzania has so many tribes (about 120) that none has been able to become a major force. [br] The two cases—a university student stopped by the policeman and a young man applying for a job, reveal that______.
选项 A、the life of typical young men in Africa is not easy
B、there are more conflicts in African countries
C、tribalism is important in African society
D、the application of a job is difficult in Africa
答案 C
解析 第一段举出两个事例的用意在文章第二段中第一句话做出了总结性的说明：This phenomenon is called tribalism．(这种现象就叫部落制。)且通读全文后可知文章的主题是在非洲部落制很重要，因此本题的最佳答案应该是C项。
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