2. 职称英语
  3. In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of the inadequacies

In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of the inadequacies

游客2024-02-25  39
问题     In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of the inadequacies of the judicial system in the United States. Costs are staggering both for the taxpayers and the litigants--and the litigants, or parties, have to wait sometimes many years before having their day in court. Many suggestions have been made concerning methods of improving the situation, but as in most branches of government, changes come slowly.
    One suggestion that has been made in order to maximize the efficiency of the system is to allow districts that have an overabundance of pending cases to borrow judges from other districts that do not have such a workload. Another suggestion is to use pretrial conferences, in which the judge meets in his chambers with the litigants and their lawyers in order to narrow the issues, limit the witnesses, and provide for a more orderly trial. The theory behind pretrial conferences is that judges will spend less time on each case and parties will more readily settle before trial when they realize the adequacy of their claims and their opponents’ evidence. Unfortunately, at least one study has shown that pretrial conferences actually use more judicial time than they save, rarely result in pretrial settlements, and actually result in higher damage settlements.
    Many states have now established another method, small-claims courts, in which cases over small sums of money can be disposed of with considerable dispatch. Such proceedings cost the litigants almost nothing. In California, for example, the parties must appear before the judge without the assistance of counsel. The proceedings are quite informal and there is no pleading--the litigants need to make only a one-sentence statement of their claim. By going to this type of court, the plaintiff(原告) gives up any right to a jury trial and the right to appeal the decision.
    In coming years, we can expect to see more and more innovations in the continuing effort to correct a situation which must be corrected if the citizens who have valid claims are going to be able to have their day in court. [br] What is the main topic of the passage?
选项 A、While there are many problems with the court system, there are available suggestions for improvement.
B、The legislature needs to formulate fewer laws so that judiciary can catch up on its older cases.
C、Nobody seems to care enough to attempt to find methods for making the judicial system more efficient.
D、All states should follow California’s example in using small-claims courts in order to free judges for other work.
答案 A
解析 主旨题。本文的主旨是什么?主旨推断题主要考查我们总结文章主旨大意、辨别寻找主题句的能力，通常这种题的答案在首段。根据文章的第一段我们知道越来越多的人认识到美国司法体系中的不足，所以许多人提出了建议来改善这种不足，尽管速度很缓慢。所以选项A为正确答案，选项B和D为文章中的细节，而选项C为错误的概念。
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