2. 职称英语
  3. In 2010, Pamela Fink, an employee of a Connecticut energy company, made a ne

In 2010, Pamela Fink, an employee of a Connecticut energy company, made a ne

游客2024-02-20  36
问题     In 2010, Pamela Fink, an employee of a Connecticut energy company, made a new kind of discrimination claim: she charged that she had been fired because she carries genes that make her more likely to get cancer. Fink quickly became the public face for the cutting edge of civil rights: genetic discrimination.
    The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) , which was passed out of concern for just such cases in the wake of huge advances in genetics testing, took effect in late 2009. GINA, as it is known, makes it illegal for employers to fire or refuse to hire workers based on their " genetic information"—including genetic tests and family history of disease. When Congress issued GINA in 2008, the House of Representatives supported it 414-1, and the whole Senate backed it.
    There are two major reasons that so many people—even congressional Republicans who are highly doubtful of civil rights laws—like GINA. First, there is the kind of discrimination it is aimed at: penalizing people for DNA and RNA that they inherited from their parents through no fault of their own. In general, our society has decided to protect people for qualities that are "immutable"—that is, something about them that is impossible or, at least, very difficult to change. So we make it illegal to discriminate on the basis of race, national origin, skin color and sex. Genes are a classic immutable characteristic : outside of some complicated medical procedures, we’re pretty much stuck with the genes we were bom with.
    The second major reason genetic-discrimination laws are popular is that this is a kind of bias everyone feels they could be exposed to. None of us has perfect genes—and for the most part, we have no idea what is hiding in our DNA and RNA. Our genes are complex enough that we all have some negative information—and none of us wants to lose a job or be denied insurance over it. When juries begin to hear these cases, they are far more likely to identify with the accusers than with the companies that discriminate. That doesn’t mean that there won’t be plenty of companies looking to benefit from genetic information , but if they use it, they may well have to pay. [br] What does the author say about GINA?
选项 A、It has received strong support from the authorities.
B、It is against the application of genetics testing.
C、It aims to protect workers’ genetic information.
D、It is based on the advance of genetic engineering.
答案 A
解析 事实细节题。本题考查对于GINA细节的理解。根据原文可知，国会通过该项法案旨在处理由基因测试进步而引发的基因歧视的案子，该法案规定用人单位不能以基因信息为由雇佣或解雇员工，而该法案在国会中得到了参议院和众议院的大力支持，故A)“它得到了政府的大力支持”正确。B)“它反对基因测试的应用”是对原文的错误理解，原文提出该法案反对的是由基因测试而引发的歧视，而并不是针对基因测试本身，故排除；C)“它旨在保护员工的基因信息”是对原文的误读，文章提出该法案保护员工不因基因信息而受歧视，并不是说它保护员工的基因信息；D)“它以基因工程的进步为基础”在原文中未提及，故排除。
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