首页
登录
职称英语
Why We Laugh We start finding things la
Why We Laugh We start finding things la
游客
2024-02-14
23
管理
问题
Why We Laugh
We start finding things laughable — or not laughable — early in life. An infant first smiles at approximately eight days of age. Many psychologists assume this is his first sign of simple pleasure— food, warmth and comfort. At six months or less, the infant laughs to express complex pleasures—such as the light of Mother’s smiling face.
Between the ages of six months and one year, the baby learns to laugh for essentially the same reasons he will laugh throughout his life, says Dr. Jacob Levine, associate professor of psychology at Yale University. Dr. Levine says that people laugh to express mastery over an anxiety. Picture what happens when a father throws his child into the air. The child will probably laugh—but not the first time. In spite of his enjoyment of "flying", he is too anxious to laugh. How does he know Daddy will catch him? Once the child realizes he will be caught, he is free to enjoy the game. But more importantly, says Dr. Levine, the child laughs because he has mastered an anxiety.
Adult laughter is more subtle, but we also laugh at what we used to fear. The feeling of achievement, or lack of it, remains a crucial factor. Giving a first dinner party is an anxious event for a new bride. Will the food be good? Will the guests get along? Will she be a good hostess? Will the knives and forks, cups and saucers be all right? All goes well; the party is over. Now she laughs freely. Her pleasure from having proved her success is the foundation for her pleasure in recalling the evening activities. She couldn’t enjoy the second pleasure without the first, more important one—her mastery of anxiety.
Laughter is a social response triggered by cues. Scientists have not determined a brain center for laughter, and they are perplexed by patients with certain types of brain damage who go into laughing fits for no apparent reason. The rest of us require company, and a reason to laugh.
When we find ourselves alone in a humorous situation, our usual response is to smile. Isn’t it hue that our highest compliment to a humorous book is to say that "it made me laugh out of loud"? Of course, we do occasionally laugh alone; but when we do, we are, in a sense, socializing with ourselves. We laugh at a memory, or at a part of ourselves.
Of course, we don’t always need a joke to make us laugh. People who survive frightening situations, such as a fire or an emergency plane landing, frequently relate their story of the crisis with laughter. Part of the laughter express relief that everything is now all right. During a crisis, definitely, everyone mobilizes energy to deal with the potential problem. If the danger is avoided, we need to release that energy. Some people cry; others laugh.
When we are made the target of a joke, either on a personal or impersonal level, we are emotionally involved in it. Consequently, we won’t be able to laugh.
Knowing that laughter blunts emotion, we can better understand why we sometimes laugh when nothing is funny. We laugh during moments of anxiety because we feel no mastery over the situation, claims Dr. Levine. He explains, "very often compulsive laughter is a learned response. If we laugh, it expresses good feelings and the fact that we are able to cope. When we’re in a situation in which we can’t cope, we laugh to reassure ourselves that we can!"
How often have we laughed at a funeral or upon hearing bad news? We laugh to deny an unendurable reality until we are strong enough to accept it. Laughter also breaks our tension. However, we may also be laughing to express relief that the tragedy didn’t happen to us. We laugh before giving a big party, before delivering a speech, or while getting a traffic ticket, to say, "This isn’t bothering me. See? I am laughing."
But if we sometimes laugh in sorrow, more often we laugh with joy. Laughter creates and strengthens our social bonds. And the ability to share a laugh has guided many marriages through hard periods of adjustment.
How could we manage a life with the absence of laugh? According to Dr. Levine, we can measure our adjustment to the world by our capacity to laugh. When we are secure about our abilities, we can laugh at the defects of our own character. If we can laugh through our anxieties, we will not be overpowered by them.
The ability to laugh starts early, but it takes a lifetime to perfect. Says Dr. Grotjahn, "when social relationships are mastered, when the individual has mastered...a peaceful relationship with himself, then he has...the sense of humor." And then he can throw back his head and laugh.
Both infants and adults laugh for the same reasons. [br] When someone makes a joke about us we are able to share to joke.
选项
A、Y
B、N
C、NG
答案
A
解析
根据第七段的陈述可知本题正确
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3449967.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]M:Iconsiderfriendshiptobeoneofthemostimportantthingsi
[originaltext]M:Iconsiderfriendshiptobeoneofthemostimportantthingsi
Given______timewithotherthingsremainingunchanged,pricesandwageswould
Thepromiseoffindinglong-termtechnologicalsolutionstotheproblemofw
Thepromiseoffindinglong-termtechnologicalsolutionstotheproblemofw
Thepromiseoffindinglong-termtechnologicalsolutionstotheproblemofw
Thepromiseoffindinglong-termtechnologicalsolutionstotheproblemofw
Thepromiseoffindinglong-termtechnologicalsolutionstotheproblemofw
Thisisadistrustfulage,butalthoughourfaithinmanyofthethingsinw
Thisisadistrustfulage,butalthoughourfaithinmanyofthethingsinw
随机试题
【教学过程】 (一)导入新课 同学们,请看大屏幕上的这幅图片,大家都认识吧?“对,是一个计算器的截图”。下面老师演示一下这个计算器。大家都说非常的神奇,
以下关于建筑消防设施运行状态的表述,不正确的是:()。A.建筑消防设施电源开
某12层住宅楼采用恒压变频调速泵装置供水。住宅层高均为3m。首层住宅楼面标高为±
“权为民用,纵然是清风两袖,自当流芳百世传佳话;利为己谋,即便有豪宅千倾,也会遗
下列对“收拾金瓯一片,分田分地真忙”诗句的理解,错误的是A.该诗句的创作背景是第
8045
遗传密码的摆动性是指( )。A.一个密码代表多个氨基酸 B.一个氨基酸可被多
促进Lac操纵子转录的条件是必需存在 A.葡萄糖B.乳糖C.葡萄糖和乳糖
治疗艾滋病的非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂是()A.利巴韦林 B.依非韦伦 C
投资项目决策分析与评价的基本要求包括贯彻落实科学发展观、资料数据准确可靠和()
最新回复
(
0
)