首页
登录
职称英语
[originaltext] Scientists have long thought about the idea of replacing a di
[originaltext] Scientists have long thought about the idea of replacing a di
游客
2024-02-09
40
管理
问题
Scientists have long thought about the idea of replacing a diseased organ with a healthy one from a donor. The problem at first was that the human body is not particularly receptive to foreign tissue. When tissue from a donor is placed inside the body, the immune army sees it as a foreign invader and goes into battle mode. White blood cells attack and destroy the unknown tissue in a process known as rejection.
Eventually, scientists realized that the problem of rejection didn’t occur when the organ donor and recipient were identical twins. The genetic similarity appeared to prevent the immune response. Massachusetts surgeon Joseph E. Murray used this concept to his advantage in 1954, when he accomplished the first successful kidney transplant between identical twins.
Dr. Murray’s surgery was a major breakthrough, but it wasn’t a solution. After all, very few people have an identical twin they can rely on for organ donation. In the late 1960s, doctors figured out a way to perform transplants between non-relatives by suppressing the recipient’s immune response with drugs. But the trouble was that the drugs were highly poisonous. Between the risks of infection and the poisonous drugs, most transplant patients didn’t live long after their operation.
By the 1980s, anti-rejection drugs had improved to the point where transplantation surgery became pretty routine and far less risky. Survival rates rose. Once surgeons became experienced in transplanting essential organs such as heart, kidneys, liver and lungs, they turned their focus to "nonessential" parts of the body.
23. What was the problem of organ transplant at the beginning?
24. In what condition would rejection not occur?
25. What did surgeons do after they got familiar with the transplant of essential organs?
选项
A、They tried to make the transplanting safer.
B、They shifted their attention to "nonessential" parts of the body.
C、They focused on transplanting several organs at one operation.
D、They did research to develop less expensive anti-rejection drugs.
答案
B
解析
短文结尾提到,由于抗排斥药品的进步,器官移植的存活率提高了,而当医生已熟练掌握心脏、肾脏等重要器官的移植.他们开始研究移植一些非重要器官,故B正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3435326.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]WhenMr.Frenchretired,heboughtasmallcottageatthesea
[originaltext]Farmersmightthinktheideaof(26)growingfoodforfunsou
[originaltext]Farmersmightthinktheideaof(26)growingfoodforfunsou
[originaltext]Ifyouarelikemostpeople,yourintelligencevariesfromseason
[originaltext]M:Hi,Sandy.Iheardyou’dbeentotheWestCoast.W:Yes,Iwas
[originaltext]M:Hi,Sandy.Iheardyou’dbeentotheWestCoast.W:Yes,Iwas
[originaltext]M:Hi,Sandy.Iheardyou’dbeentotheWestCoast.W:Yes,Iwas
[originaltext]W:HaveyoutriedJack’schocolatechipcookies?M:Imanagedto
[originaltext]Myfatherwas44andknewhewasn’tgoingtomakeitto45.H
[originaltext]Myfatherwas44andknewhewasn’tgoingtomakeitto45.H
随机试题
Thedichotomypostulatedbymanybetweenidealismandrealismisoneofthestan
"Home,sweethome"isaphrasethatexpressesanessentialattitudeintheUnite
[originaltext]W:It’sawfullydarkfor5o’clock.Doyouthinkit’sgoingtora
Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thcen
关于砂浆强度等级M0的说法正确的是: ①施工阶段尚未凝结的砂浆;②抗压强度为零
学校图书管理软件属于( )。A.系统软件 B.应用软件 C.操作系统 D
患儿,8岁,因"突起高热3天,昏迷、抽搐1天"于8月3日入院。查体温39.8℃,
某高层综合楼内设有一套自动喷水灭火系统,根据现行国家标准《自动喷水灭火系统施工及
金融企业无力为负债的减少或资产的增加提供融资而造成损失或破产的风险是()。A
患者女,25岁。停经50天,剧烈腹痛2天,阴道不规则流血1天。今晨从阴道排出三角
最新回复
(
0
)