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  3. The secret to eating less and being happy about it may have been cracked yea

The secret to eating less and being happy about it may have been cracked yea

游客2024-01-24  49
问题     The secret to eating less and being happy about it may have been cracked years ago—by McDonald’s. According to a new study from Cornell University’s Food and Brand Lab, small non-food rewards—like the toys in McDonald’s Happy Meals—stimulate the same reward centers in the brain as food does.
    The researchers, led by Martin Reimann, carried out a series of experiments to see if people would choose a smaller meal if it was paired with a non-food item.
    They found that the majority of both kids and adults opted for a half-sized portion when combined with a prize. Both options were priced the same.
    Even more interesting is that the promise of a future reward was enough to make adults choose the smaller portion. One of the prizes used was a lottery ticket(彩票), with a $ 10, $ 50 or $ 100 payout, and this was as effective as a tangible gift in persuading people to eat less.
    " The fact that participants were willing to substitute part of a food item for the mere prospect of a relatively small monetary award is interesting," says Reimann.
    He theorizes that it is the emotional component of these intangible prizes that make them effective. In fact, vaguely-stated possibilities of winning a prize were more effective than options with hard odds included.
    " One explanation for this finding is that possible awards may be more emotionally provoking than certainty awards," says Reimann. " The uncertainty of winning provides added attraction and desirability through emotional ’ thrills. ’ The possibility of receiving an award also produces a state of hope—a state that is in itself psychologically rewarding. " In other words, there’s a reason why people like to gamble.
    How might this knowledge be used to help people eat more healthily?
    One possibility is a healthy option that offers the chance to win a spa(温泉疗养)weekend. Or maybe the reward of a half-sized portion could be a half-sized dessert to be claimed only on a future date. That would get you back in the restaurant—and make you eat a little less. [br] What can we infer from Martin Reimann’s finding?
选项 A、People should eat much less if they wish to stay healthy and happy.
B、More fast food restaurants are likely to follow McDonald’s example.
C、We can lead people to eat less while helping the restaurant business.
D、More studies are needed to find out the impact of emotion on behavior.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。题目中问到我们能从莱曼的研究发现中推断出什么。莱曼的研究主要发现了人们愿意为奖品放弃大份食物，而当这种奖品存在某种不确定性时，对人们的吸引力更大，这是由于人们的欲望被不确定性所刺激。文章最后一段提出，如果饭店能利用这一发现，设置一些奖励，不仅可以让顾客再次光临，也可以让人们吃得更少，故答案为C)。
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