72. Public goods are those commodities whose enjoyment nobody can be effecti

游客2024-01-20 31

问题 72. Public goods are those commodities whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded. 73. Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities and one person’ s use does not reduce the possibilities of anybody else’ s enjoying the same good.
Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect. A flood control dam is a public good. Once the dam is built, all persons living in the area will benefit - - - regardless of their own contribution to the construction cost of the dam. The same holds true for highway signs or aids in navigation. Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from use of the lighthouse for navigational purposes. National defence is another example. Even a person who voted against military costs or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.
It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with a public good. There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse and citizens for the security provided to them through national defence. Because the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic study is to be replaced by the impersonal judgment of the marketplace. [br] What does the passage mainly discuss?

选项 A、A specific group of commodities.
B、The economic structure of the marketplace.
C、Mechanism for safer navigation.
D、The advantage of lowering taxes.

答案 A

解析文章主要论述了public goods的相关知识，它属于经济中的一种具体的形式，因此选A；B选项范围太大，文中并未提及；C、D选项文中并未提及。

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