首页
登录
职称英语
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by econom
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by econom
游客
2024-01-14
29
管理
问题
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society make it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. Today, hardly anybody would dare to voice the principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth of the nation, either by the law of nature or by those of society.
The opinions are outdated, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility. In all western industrialized countries, a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence in case of unemployment, sickness and old age. I would go one step further and argue that, even if these conditions are not present, in other words, one can claim this subsistence minimum without having to have any "reason". I would suggest, however, that it should be limited to a definite period of time, let’s say two years, so as to avoid the encouragement of an abnormal attitude which refuses any kind of social obligation.
This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think, our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support, people would not work. This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness. In human nature, actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.
However, the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless, from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer. If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would be sufficiently interesting and attractive in order to induce one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject it ; in the present capitalist system this is not the case.
But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees; its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in interpersonal relationships in every sphere of daily life. [br] People used to think that poverty and unemployment were due to ___________.
选项
A、the slow development of the economy
B、the poor and jobless people’s own faults
C、the lack of responsibility on the part of society
D、the large number of people who were not well-educated
答案
B
解析
人们之前认为,贫困和失业是自己犯下的过错。根据第一段第四句“The opinions are outdated, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility.”可知,100年前就有这样的观点:穷人把自己的处境归咎于无知和不负责任,但这样的观点已经过时,故选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3361200.html
相关试题推荐
Thefactoryhadto______anumberofemployeesbecauseoftheeconomicdeclinein
Toourgreat______,Tom’sillnessprovednottobeasseriousaswehadfeared.
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconomists
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconomists
Heisvery______inusingmoney.A、economicB、economicalC、economyD、economizeBec
Economicdevelopmentdependsontheextractionofnaturalresourcesandonlow
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconom
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconom
Heisvery____________inusingmoney.A、economicB、economicalC、economyD、economi
保护环境和发展经济一样重要。Protectingtheenvironmentisasimportantasdevelopingeconomy.
随机试题
[originaltext]M:Hi,Iamgoingdoortodoortonighttotellpeopleaboutthes
推断统计是研究数据搜集、处理和描述的统计学方法。()
下列哪种食物可在体内造成乳酸堆积、竞争性抑制尿酸排泄A.奶酪 B.咖啡 C.
借款需求与还款能力和风险评估紧密相连,是决定贷款金额、期限、品种等要素的重要因素
为确保施工进度计划能得以实施,施工方除了编制深度不同的控制性和直接指导项目施工的
公路水运工程“平安工地”考核评价遵循“分级管理、属地负责”的原则,考核评价等级有
根据我国《女职工劳动保护规定》,不得安排夜班工作的女职工是A.月经期间的女职工
国家统计局每年发布的统计公报运用许多重要统计指标和数据反映一年来国民经济和社会发
男性,21岁。肉眼血尿伴尿量减少6天入院,2周前曾有发热、咽痛。既往体健。查体:
(2017年真题)某建设项目静态投资20000万元,项目建设前期年限为1年,建设
最新回复
(
0
)