首页
登录
职称英语
When A. Philip Randolph assumed the leadership of the Brotherhood of Sleepin
When A. Philip Randolph assumed the leadership of the Brotherhood of Sleepin
游客
2024-01-13
33
管理
问题
When A. Philip Randolph assumed the leadership of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, he began a ten-year battle to win recognition from the Pullman Company, the largest private employer of Black people in the United States and the company that controlled the railroad industry’ s sleeping car and parlor service. In 1935 the Brotherhood became the first Black union recognized by a major corporation. Randolph’s efforts in the battle helped transform the attitude of Black workers toward unions and toward themselves as an identifiable group; eventually, Randolph helped to weaken organized labor’ s antagonism toward Black workers.
In the Pullman contest Randolph faced formidable obstacles. The first was Black workers ’ understandable skepticism toward unions, which had historically barred Black workers from membership. An additional obstacle was the union that Pullman itself had formed, which weakened support among Black workers for an independent entity.
The Brotherhood possessed a number of advantages, however, including Randolph’ s own tactical abilities. In 1928 he took the bold step of threatening a strike against Pullman. Such a threat, on a national scale, under Black leadership, helped replace the stereotype of the Black worker as servant with the image of the Black worker as wage earner. In addition, the porters’ very isolation aided the Brotherhood. Porters were scattered throughout the country, sleeping in dormitories in Black communities; their segregated life protected the union’ s internal communications from interception. That the porters were a homogeneous group working for a single employer with single labor policy, thus sharing the same grievances from city to city, also strengthened the Brotherhood and encouraged racial identity and solidarity as well. But it was only in the early 1930’s that federal legislation prohibiting a company from maintaining its own unions with company money eventually allowed the Brotherhood to become recognized as the porters representative.
Not content with this triumph, Randolph brought the Brotherhood into the American Federation of Labor, where it became the equal of the Federa- tion’ s 105 other unions. He reasoned that as a member union, the Brotherhood would be in a better position to exert pressure on member unions that practiced race restrictions. Such restric- tions were eventually found unconstitutional in 1944. [br] According to the passage, by 1935 the skepticism of Black workers toward unions was
选项
A、unchanged except among Black employees of railroad-related industries.
B、reinforced by the actions of the Pullman Company’s union.
C、mitigated by the efforts of Randolph.
D、weakened by the opening up of many unions to Black workers.
E、largely alleviated because of the policies of the American Federation of Labor.
答案
C
解析
1935年以前,黑人工人对于工会的怀疑:A.除了铁路系统,无变化。本文未提。B.因为P公司的举动而加强。这一点文中没有说和黑人对工会的怀疑有关。C.正确。被Randolph的努力缓和了。文中L9—11,1935年,兄弟会已取得成功。L19—21,兄弟会扩充过程中需要和黑人的怀疑倾向作斗争。由此可以推出:1935年之前,此怀疑倾向已被削弱。D.被许多工会向黑人开放削弱。未提。E.美国劳工联合会的政策。未提。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3359297.html
相关试题推荐
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconomists
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconomists
Therestthatyougetwhilesleepingenablesyourbodytoprepareitselfforthe
Pleaseturntheradio________.Thebabyissleeping.A、upB、overC、offD、aroundC
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconomists
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconomists
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconom
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconom
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconom
Sheopenedthedoorquietly________wakeuphersleepingbaby.A、inorderthatB、s
随机试题
《普通高中课程标准(2011年版)》指出高中数学课程是义务教育阶段后普通高级中学
对硝酸甘油药理作用的描述正确的是A:仅对小动脉有扩张作用 B:对全身的小静脉和
患者43岁,女性,因患子宫颈癌行根治术。为该病人提供的护理措施,应除外 A.保
下列哪项不属于健康教育诊断中对社会环境的诊断A:经济指标 B:文化指标 C:
某住宅设计文件规定其合理使用年限为50年,工程于2006年1月竣工验收交付使用。
考评运作体系设计的内容包括()。A.考评组织的建立 B.考评指标的设计
形成稳定的态度和品德是在()阶段。 A.依从阶段B.认同阶段C.内化阶段
不发生于线粒体中的反应包括 A.Krebs循环B.脂酸合成C.脂酸-氧化
大青叶的功效是A.清热解毒,燥湿止带 B.清热解毒,利水消肿 C.清热解毒,
根据《环境影响评价技术导则—声环境》,关于建设项目实施过程中声环境影响评价时段,
最新回复
(
0
)