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  3. Many United States companies have, unfortunately, made the search for legal

Many United States companies have, unfortunately, made the search for legal

游客2024-01-13  76
问题     Many United States companies have, unfortunately, made the search for legal protection from import competition into a major line of work. Since 1980 the United States International Trade Commission(ITC)has received about 280 complaints alleging damage from imports that benefit from subsidies by foreign governments. Another 340 charge that foreign companies "dumped" their products in the United States at "less than fair value." Even when no unfair practices are alleged, the simple claim that an industry has been injured by imports is sufficient grounds to seek relief.
    Contrary to the general impression, this quest for import relief has hurt more companies than it has helped. As corporations begin to function globally, they develop an intricate web of marketing, production, and research relationships. The complexity of these relationships makes it unlikely that a system of import relief laws will meet the strategic needs of all the units under the same parent company.
    Internationalization increases the danger that foreign companies will use import relief laws against the very companies the laws were designed to protect. Suppose a United States-owned company establishes an overseas plant to manufacture a product while its com- petitor makes the same product in the United States. If the competitor can prove injury from the imports—and that the United States company received a subsidy from a foreign government to build its plant abroad—the United States company’ s products will be uncompetitive in the United States, since they would be subject to duties.
    Perhaps the most brazen case oc- curred when the ITC investigated allegations that Canadian companies were injuring the United States salt industry by dumping rock salt, used to deice roads. The bizarre aspect of the com- plaint was that a foreign conglomerate with United States operations was crying for help against a United States company with foreign operations. The "United States" company claiming in- jury was a subsidiary of a Dutch conglomerate, while the "Canadian" companies included a subsidiary of a Chicago firm that was the second-largest domestic producer of rock salt. [br] According to the passage, companies have the general impression that International Trade Commission import relief practices have
选项 A、caused unpredictable fluctuations in volumes of imports and exports.
B、achieved their desired effect only under unusual circumstances.
C、actually helped companies that have requested import relief.
D、been opposed by the business community.
E、had less impact on international companies than the business community expected.
答案 C
解析 公司的普遍印象中，ITC的限制进口措施如何?公司的普遍印象和作者在文中的观点相反，见L17—19，将作者观点取非得：C．正确。真正帮助了那些要求限制进口保护的公司。A、B、D、E都不符原文叙述。
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