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  3. Exports of United States wood pulp will riseconsiderably during this year. The

Exports of United States wood pulp will riseconsiderably during this year. The

游客2024-01-12  21
问题 Exports of United States wood pulp will rise
considerably during this year. The reason for the rise is that the falling value of the dollar will make it cheaper for paper manufacturers in Japan and Western Europe to buy American wood pulp than to get it from any other source.
Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?
选项 A、Factory output of paper products in Japan and Western Europe will increase sharply during this year.
B、The quality of the wood pulp produced in the United States would be adequate for the purposes of Japanese and Western European paper manufacturers.
C、Paper manufacturers in Japan and Western Europe would prefer to use wood pulp produced in the United States if cost were not a factor.
D、Demand for paper products made in Japan and Western Europe will not increase sharply during this year.
E、Production of wood pulp by United States companies will not increase sharply during this year.
答案 B
解析 Which one of the statements gives an assumption on which the argument depends?
The argument claims that exports of U.S. wood pulp will increase this year. Support for this claim is provided by the suggestion that as a result of the falling value of the dollar, paper manufacturers in Japan and Western Europe will be able to purchase wood pulp (the raw material for paper) more cheaply from the United States than from any other source.
This would be true because, if the dollar prices of U.S. wood pulp did not increase, firms in Europe and Japan would pay a smaller dollar-equivale it of their own currencies.
Note that this argument can easily fail: if U.S. wood pulp does not meet the minimum quality requirements of any paper manufacturers in Japan or Western Europe, then those manufacturers will purchase elsewhere. It follows that the reasoning depends on assuming that US. wood pulp does in fact meet those quality standards.
A    Even if factory output of paper products did not increase this year, manufacturers in Japan and Europe might import more U. S. wood pulp this year as raw materials for next years production.
B    Correct. The predicted increase would likely not occur unless U.S. wood pulp met the manufacturers’ minimum-quanlity standards.
C    The reasoning does not have to assume that cost is the sole factor. However, it clearly assumes that cost is an important factor. Nevertheless, it does not make am assumption regarding what the relative importance of cost and other factors might be. For this reason, it neither assumes nor implies what might happen in the case that cost is not a significant factor.
D    The reasoning does not need to assume that no such sharp increase will occur this year. In fact, if such an increase were to occur, it would be even more likely that exports of U.S. wood pulp would increase this year if U.S. wood pulp became internationally more competitive on price this year.
E    Given the prediction that U.S. wood-pulp exports will increase, there is no reason to assume no sharp increase in U.S. wood pulp production during this year. Such an increase might even be likely if exports were to rue considerably. Therefore, option E is not assumed by the argument.
The correct answer is B.
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