Economics can render service in the area of exchange, but its tools fin

游客2024-01-12  18

问题          Economics can render service in the area of exchange, but its tools find less
     purpose when applied to paradigms dominated by alternative models of
     transactions and social relationships. In small groups gift-giving is substituted
     for the role of exchange, which entails obligation: people receiving gifts are
(5)   expected to reciprocate in the future and this reciprocity binds small groups
     together, whereas exchange rarely does so. Two people exchange only when
     both benefit, neither incurring a social obligation as a result, and where social
     obligations exist, exchange may not work well. Exchange nevertheless allows
     for extremely complex interactions among strangers:  when employing a
(10)  product, a consumer benefits from the efforts of hundreds of anonymous people
     who have contributed to that commodity. Such analysis also has its limits in the
     case of an area such as government, for economics seeks regularities in social
     life, which are more likely to occur when no one individual has an appreciable
     effect on the group.

选项 A、Small Groups and Governments, A Comparison of Two Economic Methods
B、Social Obligation and the Consumer:A Case Study
C、Regular vs. Irregular Systems in Economics
D、The Comparative Strength of Economics in Various Areas
E、The Triumph of Analysis in Economic Theory

答案 D

解析
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