首页
登录
职称英语
Scientists studying the effect of large volcanic eruptions on global
Scientists studying the effect of large volcanic eruptions on global
游客
2024-01-11
20
管理
问题
Scientists studying the effect of large volcanic eruptions on global climate
have long focused on the major quantities of carbon dioxide (C02), a gas known
to contribute to the greenhouse effect, produced by these eruptions. It is well
Line observed that such greenhouse gases trap heat radiated from the surface of the
(5) earth, thereby forming a type of insulation around the planet. The greenhouse
effect is essential for ecological equipoise because it maintains the temperature
of the planet within habitable parameters, but there is growing concern that
man-made production of gases such as CO~ from the burning of fossil fuels may
be threatening the system’s tolerance, and have resulted in excessive warming
(10) on a global scale.
While volcanic eruptions indubitably metabolize and accumulate C02 in the
atmosphere, it has been recently discovered that their impact is virtually trivial
compared to the quantity produced by human activities, especially heavy
industry. In reality, the more substantive climatic effect from volcanoes results
(15) from the production of atmospheric haze, whereby large eruption columns inject
ash particles and sulfur-rich gases into the troposphere and stratosphere, clouds
that circumscribe the globe within weeks of the volcanic activity. Ash and
aerosol clouds from large volcanic eruptions disseminate quickly through the
atmosphere, and the small ash particles decrease the amount of sunlight
(20) reaching the surface of the earth and lower average global temperatures, while
the sulfurous gases combine with water in the atmosphere to form acidic
aerosols that also absorb incoming solar radiation and scatter it back out into
space.
There is evidence that volcanoes’ stratospheric ash clouds has a lesser
(25) effect on global temperatures than aerosol clouds, given that the major Mt. St.
Helens eruption had lowered global temperatures by about 0.1 degree C, while
two years later the much smaller eruption of El Chico had, by contrast, three to
five times the global cooling effect worldwide. Despite its smaller ash cloud, El
Chico emitted more than 40 times the volume of sulfur-rich gases produced by
(30) Mt. St. Helens, revealing that the formation of atmospheric sulfur aerosols has
a more substantial effect on global temperatures than simply the volume of ash
produced during an eruption. Sulfate aerosols appear to necessitate several
years to settle out of the atmosphere, one of the reasons their effects are so
widespread and enduring. This corroborates the opinion of those scientists who
(35) argue that without the cooling effect of major volcanic eruptions such as E1
Chico, global warming effects caused by human activities would be far more
substantial. It should be noted that major volcanic eruptions have additional
climatic effects beyond global temperature decreases and acid rain, for ash and
aerosol particles suspended in the atmosphere scatter light of red wavelengths,
(40) often resulting in brilliantly colored sunsets and sunrises around the world. [br] Which of the following, if presented as the first sentence of a succeeding paragraph, would most logically continue the discussion presented in the passage?
选项
A、The influence of volcanic eruptions on global weather patterns is almost completely understood at present.
B、Scientists have only begun to understand, however, the effects of these wavelengths of light on the global environment.
C、The majority of global cooling effects have thus been attributed to volcanic explosions.
D、The human warming activities ameliorate by volcanic eruptions include those produced both by heavy industry and agriculture.
E、The reason that sulfate aerosols take an unusually large time to disperse owes primarily to meteorological factors, including the jet stream.
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3352841.html
相关试题推荐
Thus,global-warmingskepticswriteoffthe______ofclimateresearchinvestiga
Arhetoricianwhospendssomuchofhistimestudyingthefamous______oflogic
Althoughscientistshavelong______thehumanappendixas______organ,therei
A、whollyeffective,buttypicallyignoredB、inexpensive,butinsufficientlyusef
Althoughsomescientists______thecredibilityoftheworkoftheirassistants,
Scientistshavelongsoughtthereasonsfortherelativelyyoungageof
A、Amanlooksinamirrorand,asaresult,oftheeffectofcognition,seeshis
Scientistshaveacknowledgedthattointerpretananimal’sthoughtprocessesin
A、entirelysuperfluousB、globallyconsistentC、notwhollyexplanatoryD、supremel
A、The"slingeffect"remainsunprovenandrequiresexperimentalcorroboration.B
随机试题
Linda______anessayaboutcustomsinChinalastweekandIwonderifshehasf
WhichofthefollowingisNOTthecausethatwillleadtoemployees’stressatw
ManyChinesestudentswantto【T1】______theirMaster’sorPh.D.’sdegree
Howmenfirstlearnttoinventwordsisunknown;inotherwords,theorigin
JusticeisoneofthemostpopularcoursesinHarvard’shistory.Nearlyonet
A.人工破膜 B.缩宫素点滴加强宫缩 C.给镇静药,地西泮10mg D.剖
审查材料等存货时,首要的审计目标是()。A:摊销正确性B:分类正确性C:计价
2016年3月6日,G造纸厂发生了一起因工人严重违反操作规程和缺乏救助常识而导致
在28脉中具有浮细无力而软特点的是A.滑脉 B.弱脉 C.细脉 D.涩脉
根据《小型水电站建设工程验收规程》(SL168-2012),水电站单位工程完工
最新回复
(
0
)