2. 职称英语
  3. During the 1920s, most advocates of scientific management, Frederick Taylors met

During the 1920s, most advocates of scientific management, Frederick Taylors met

游客2024-01-11  45
问题 During the 1920s, most advocates of scientific management, Frederick Taylors method for maximizing workers’ productivity by rigorously routinizing their jobs, opposed the five-day workweek. Although scientific managers conceded that reducing hours might provide an incentive to workers, in practice they more often used pay differentials to encourage higher productivity. Those reformers who wished to embrace both scientific management and reduced hours had to make a largely negative case, portraying the latter as an antidote to the rigors of the former.
In contrast to the scientific managers, Henry Ford claimed that shorter hours led to greater productivity and profits. However, few employers matched either Ford’s vision or his specific interest in mass marketing a product—automobiles—that required leisure for its use, and few unions succeeded in securing shorter hours through bargaining. At its 1928 convention, the American Federation of Labor(AFL)boasted of approximately 165,000 members working five-day, 40-hour weeks. But although this represented an increase of about 75,000 since 1926, about 70 percent of the total came from five extremely well-organized building trades’ unions. [br] It can be inferred that the author of the passage would probably agree with which of the following claims about the boast referred to in lines 12-13?
选项 A、It is based on a mistaken estimation of the number of AFL workers who were allowed to work a five-day, 40-hour week in 1928.
B、It could create a mistaken impression regarding the number of unions obtaining a five-day, 40-hour week during the 1920s.
C、It exaggerates the extent of the increase between 1926 and 1928 in AFL members working a five-day, 40-hour week.
D、It overestimates the bargaining prowess of the AFL building trades’ unions during the 1920s.
E、It is based on an overestimation of the number of union members in the AFL in 1928.
答案 B
解析 Choice B: It could create a mistaken impression regarding the number of unions obtaining a five-day, 40-hour week during the 1920s.
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