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  3. Last year, Fillmore County’s farmers used Sordane, a highly effective nonper

Last year, Fillmore County’s farmers used Sordane, a highly effective nonper

游客2024-01-10  22
问题     Last year, Fillmore County’s farmers used Sordane, a highly effective nonpersistent pesticide, on their crops. Though crop yields were satisfactory, aerial spraying of Sordane increased the county’s incidence of respiratory illness. This year, farmers sprayed with the weaker pesticide Kaskanine instead. Crop yields were unchanged, while the county experienced a significant decline in respiratory illness. Therefore, if farmers use only Kaskanine next year, the reduced incidence of respiratory illness will be maintained without sacrificing crop yields.
    Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the argument?
选项 A、Whether Sordane is the most effective pesticide available to farmers in Fillmore County
B、Whether, as a result of last year’s spraying of Sordane, this year’s population of harmful insects was smaller than it would have been in a year following one in which farmers used only Kaskanine
C、Whether the increase in the incidence of respiratory illness in Fillmore County caused by aerial spraying of Sordane was the only consideration in the farmers’ decision to switch to Kaskanine
D、Whether the use of Sordane has been discontinued in other counties for the same reasons as in Fillmore County
E、Whether restrictions on the use of Sordane could have produced a significant reduction in the incidence of respiratory illness
答案 B
解析 该项想要解决的问题本质上是今年喷洒Kaskanine导致害虫减少，是因为Kaskanine本身有效，还是因为去年的Sordane的药效延续到了今年。针对该项回答“是”，即今年的害虫少于假如去年只使用了Kaskanine的情况，那么这就说明今年的害虫少是因为去年Sordane的药效延续下去，因此如果明年只用Kaskanine，那么害虫数量有可能增多，作物产量会受到影响，削弱原文；如果该项回答“否”，即今年的害虫不会少于假如去年只使用了Kaskanine的情况，也就是说，今年害虫减少和Sordane的药效延续无关。而真的就是Kaskanine的功劳，那么如果明年只使用Kaskanine，明年的作物产量不会受到影响，加强原文。综上，该项回答“是”，表削弱，回答“否”，表加强，正确。A项文章要评价的内容是如果只用Kaskanine会产生怎样的结果，和Sordane是否是唯一的有效杀虫剂无关。C项无关，不论这是不是唯一考虑因素，反正农民们是换成了Kaskanine，而文章关心的是换成Kaskanine之后的结果，而非原因。D项与其他地方为什么停止使用Sordane无关。E项回答“是”，停止使用Sordane，即只使用Kaskanine，会导致疾病减少，加强原文；回答“否”，停止使用Sordane不会导致疾病减少，削弱原文。到这为止，考生们会觉得选项E也正确。但是要注意，"原文已经告诉我们，在今年停止使用Sordane之后，疾病确实减少了，因此选项E所提及的问题是不需要被回答才能评价原文的，因为原文已经告诉我们这一问题的答案了。该项属于重复原文，不选。
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