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  3. Historian: In the Drindian Empire, censuses were conducted annually to deter

Historian: In the Drindian Empire, censuses were conducted annually to deter

游客2024-01-10  27
问题     Historian: In the Drindian Empire, censuses were conducted annually to determine the population of each village. Village census records for the last half of the 1600’s are remarkably complete. This very completeness makes one point stand out: in five different years, villages overwhelmingly reported significant population declines. Tellingly, each of those five years immediately followed an increase in a certain Drindian tax. This tax, which was assessed on villages, was computed by the central government using the annual census figures. Obviously, whenever the tax went up, villages had an especially powerful economic incentive to minimize the number of people they recorded; and concealing the size of a village’s population from government census takers would have been easy. Therefore, it is reasonable to think that the reported declines did not happen.
    In the historian’s argument, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
选项 A、The first supplies a context for the historian’s argument; the second acknowledges a consideration that has been used to argue against the position the historian seeks to establish.
B、The first presents evidence to support the position that the historian seeks to establish; the second acknowledges a consideration that has been used to argue against that position.
C、The first provides a context for certain evidence that supports the position that the historian seeks to establish; the second is that position.
D、The first is a position for which the historian argues; the second is an assumption that serves as the basis of that argument.
E、The first is an assumption that the historian explicitly makes in arguing for a certain position; the second acknowledges a consideration that calls that assumption into question.
答案 C
解析 A项分号前正确；分号后，第二部分本身就是历史学家的观点。B项第一个黑体部分严格来说是推理的背景，而非直接支持历史学家观点的证据，但是两者区别不大，因此分号前可以认为是对的。第二部分本身就是历史学家的观点，因此分号后错误。D项第一部分是文章的背景，而非观点。观点只有最后一句。本文的前提假设是本文倒数第二句。E项第一部分是客观事实，无法充当前提假设；第二部分也没有质疑第一部分。
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