首页
登录
职称英语
Temperature Three scales of temperature, each
Temperature Three scales of temperature, each
游客
2024-01-04
10
管理
问题
Temperature
Three scales of temperature, each of which permits a precise measurement, are in concurrent use: the Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin scales. These three different temperature scales were each developed by different people and have come to be used in different situations.
The scale that is most widely used by the general public in the United States is the Fahrenheit scale. In 1714, Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, a German physicist who was living in Holland and operating an instrument business, developed a mercury-in-glass thermometer and the temperature scale that still carries his name. His original scale had two fixed points: 0°was the lowest temperature that he could achieve in a solution of ice, water, and salt, and 96°was what he believed was the normal temperature of the human body (though this was later determined to be 98.6°). Based on this scale, he calculated that the freezing point (or ice point) of water was 32°; in later studies, it was determined that the boiling point of water (the steam point) was 212°. The Fahrenheit scale came to be accepted as the standard measure of temperature in a number of countries, including Great Britain, and from there it was spread to British colonies throughout the world. Today, however, the United States is the only major country in the world that still uses the Fahrenheit scale.
The scale that is in use in many other countries is the Celsius scale. Anders Celsius (1701~1744), a Swedish astronomer, developed a thermometer in 1741 that based temperatures on the freezing and boiling temperatures of water. On the thermometer that Celsius developed, however, 0°was used to indicate the boiling temperature of water, and 100°was used to indicate the freezing temperature of water. After his death, the scale was reversed by a friend, the biologist Carl von Linne (1707~1748), who achieved acclaim for his development of the Linnean classification system for plants and animals. On the new scale after the reversal by von Linne, 0° indicated the freezing temperature of water, and 100° indicated the boiling temperature of water. A At around the same time that Celsius and von Linne were working on their thermometer in Sweden, a similar thermometer was being developed in France. B After the French Revolution, the scale developed in France was adopted as part of the metric system in that country under the name centigrade, which means "a hundred units," and from there it spread worldwide. C In 1948, an international agreement was made to rename the centigrade scale the Celsius scale in honor of the scientist who was first known to use a 100-degree scale, though it should be remembered that the scale that Celsius actually used himself was the reverse of today’s scale. D
A third scale, the Kelvin scale, is generally used today for scientific purposes. This scale was first suggested in 1854 by two English physicists: William Thomson, Lord Kelvin (1824~1907) and James Prescott Joule (1818~1889). The Kelvin scale defines 0°as absolute zero, the hypothetical temperature at which all atomic and molecular motion theoretically stops, and 100°separates the freezing point and boiling point of water, just as it does on the Celsius scale. On the Kelvin scale, with 0°equal to absolute zero, water freezes at 273°, and water boils at a temperature 100°higher. The Kelvin scale is well suited to some areas of scientific study because it does not have any negative values, yet it still maintains the 100° difference between the freezing point and boiling point of water that the Celsius scale has and can thus easily be converted to the Celsius scale by merely subtracting 273° from the temperature on the Kelvin scale. [br] Select the appropriate sentences from the answer choices and match them to the temperature scales to which they relate. TWO of the answer choices will NOT be used. The question is worth 3 points.
Fahrenheit scale
*____________
*____________
Modern Celsius scale
*____________
*____________
Kelvin Scale
*____________
Answer Choices
A. Water freezes at 0°and boils at 100°.
B. Water freezes at 273°and boils at 373°.
C. Water freezes at 100°and boils at 0°.
D. Water freezes at 32° and boils at 212°.
E. 0° is the temperature at which saltwater boils.
F. 0° is equal to the freezing temperature of water.
G. 0°was what was believed to be the lowest possible temperature of a solution of saltwater and ice.
选项
答案
DH
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3334314.html
相关试题推荐
TemperatureThreescalesoftemperature,each
TemperatureThreescalesoftemperature,each
TemperatureThreescalesoftemperature,each
TemperatureThreescalesoftemperature,each
TemperatureThreescalesoftemperature,each
TemperatureThreescalesoftemperature,each
TemperatureThreescalesoftemperature,each
→Mammalsandbirdsgenerallymaintainbodytemperaturewithinanarrowrange
→Mammalsandbirdsgenerallymaintainbodytemperaturewithinanarrowrange
→Mammalsandbirdsgenerallymaintainbodytemperaturewithinanarrowrange
随机试题
Duringthenineteenthcentury,whenlittlewasknownaboutenvironmentalism
[originaltext]Formanyinternationalstudents,comingtotheUnitedStates
WomenintheUnitedStatesandinmanyothercountries【B1】______inagrowi
感染性休克的治疗应包括( )A.补充血容量 B.纠正酸中毒 C.控
在由A公司承建的某花园Ⅰ区商品住宅楼建筑工地,安装有从B公司租赁的QTZ5513
根据安装工程定额综合单价计算程序,企业管理费的计算基数是()。A.人工费+材料
“近朱者赤,近墨者黑”,说明在人的身心发展过程中,起决定作用的因素是()A、
设F1(x)与F2(x)分别为随机变量X1与X2的分布函数。为使F(x)=aF1
2010年,我国国内生产总值(GDP)现价总量初步核实数为401202亿元,比往
下列各项中属于定性决策方法的有()。A.思维共振法 B.专家调查法 C.哥
最新回复
(
0
)