首页
登录
职称英语
Archeology Archeology, the branch of anthropology that
Archeology Archeology, the branch of anthropology that
游客
2024-01-04
34
管理
问题
Archeology
Archeology, the branch of anthropology that is devoted to the study of the human past, often focuses on the period before people began to keep written records. Archeologists study the origin, spread, and evolution of culture by examining the remains of past societies. They share the task of other kinds of anthropologists in that they are trying to understand human behavior. The difference is that
their
materials are generally the unwritten records of past societies. They cannot sit down with living members of those societies and talk about what they have found. They cannot even observe living people, but must interpret the material evidence left by people long dead. Many archeologists distinguish between prehistoric archeology, which is the study of
extinct
cultures that left no written records, and historic archeology, which is the investigation of those groups for whom there are written materials to accompany the archeological evidence. What, then, can archeology contribute to our understanding of human culture and social behavior? First, we can learn much about the technology of early peoples through their material remains, as well as through analysis of such aspects of their life style as what they ate. We can tell, for example, whether a particular group lived mainly by hunting or fishing or by farming. A second aspect of the life of early peoples that is revealed to us through archeology is their economic practices. For example, sometimes we find pottery or jewelry made from materials that are known to have been available only in distant places. This usually means that these items were not made at the site but were obtained through some other means—either by traveling to the place where they are available or by trading with other groups. If we put together a picture of the distribution of such items over time, we can get an idea of the interactions among neighboring groups, and this in turn gives us clues about other aspects of culture that might have been borrowed or traded as well. Less evident than economics or technology, but still recognizable, is the political and social structure of past cultures. We can assume a great deal about the way a city was organized from the
layout
of the buildings and the types of housing found there. For example, if we find a large temple in the center of an ancient city and it is surrounded by fairly large dwelling sites, while the buildings on the outskirts of the settlement are smaller, we know that there were probably at least two classes of people and that the temple was at the center of the city not only in a physical sense but socially as well. Finally, archeological evidence can
reveal
a great deal about certain aspects of the religious and spiritual life of ancient societies.
(A) [■] When we are fortunate enough to find temples or other religious structures, we can determine their importance and their influence on the society.
(B) [■]But in other areas, it is very hard to interpret the evidence.
(C) [■] Thus we know little about ancient peoples’ belief systems, or their values and morals, their feelings about spirits, and so forth.
(D) [■] Even when we find material objects that might suggest such beliefs, we cannot ask anyone to explain their meaning but must go on what we know about other aspects of that society and later societies that seem to be similar to it. In sum, archeology gives us a chance to look into the past of the human species. But it is like doing a jigsaw puzzle with most of the pieces missing, and without a picture of the finished puzzle on the box to work from. We have a few things that fit together: we can guess about many others; but we really don’t have enough to put it all together with complete confidence. Every new piece we find fits somewhere, though, and we never know when the next piece will give us the key to a whole new section of the puzzle of life in prehistoric times. That is the challenge and the excitement of archeology. [br] The author mentioned building and housing in Paragraph 4 in order to______.
选项
A、show that early peoples mastered the technology of building houses
B、tell us that primitive peoples had religious belief at a very early time
C、show that archeology can explain social aspects of past cultures
D、explain how archeology can benefit from today’s architecture research
答案
C
解析
本题属于修辞题,主要考查考生能否理解和领会作者的写作手法和修辞手段。题目问:作者提及建筑和住房的目的是什么?在文中,作者提到这一点是为了解释考古有关古代社会的发现,考古学可以通过对古代建筑的发掘来解释古代文明的社会状况。由第四段的第一句“Less evident than economics or technology,but still recognizable, is the political and social structure of past cultures”和第六段的第一句“In sum,archeology gives us a chance to look into the past of the human species”可知,选项C是正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3334129.html
相关试题推荐
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.MuseumofAnthropology[br]Themuseumis
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.MuseumofAnthropology[br]Themuseumis
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.MuseumofAnthropology[br]To______isthe
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.MuseumofAnthropology[br]Thesculpture
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.MuseumofAnthropology[br][originaltext
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.MuseumofAnthropology[br]Themuseumis
[originaltext]Alotofpeoplethinkthatculturalanthropologyisjustabou
[originaltext]Alotofpeoplethinkthatculturalanthropologyisjustabou
TheScienceofAnthropologyAThroughvariousmethodsof
TheScienceofAnthropologyAThroughvariousmethodsof
随机试题
Whatdoesthemanwant?[originaltext]W:CanIhelpyou,sir?M:Yes.Couldyou
Iftheteammembershadn’thelpedme,I(fail)______inthelastexperiment.wo
王某在甲汽车销售店购买了乙公司制造的汽车。某日,王某驾驶该车在高速公路上正常行驶
错
A. B. C. D.
A.常变体系 B.瞬变体系 C.无多余约束几何不变体系 D.有多余约束几何
男性患者,20岁,溺水10分钟后被人从水中救起。查体:血压:0/0mmHg,呼吸
A.由个人完成发明创造的时代,已经同爱迪生一去不复返了B.1969年至1981年
下列历史现象体现了外来文化对中华文明影响的是 ①白马寺的建造②敦煌莫高窟的修建
学生借助于老师提供的结构图来弄清概念之间的关系。按照奥苏伯尔的学习分类理论,这种
最新回复
(
0
)