In this question, you will listen to a lecture. Then you will be asked to su

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问题     In this question, you will listen to a lecture. Then you will be asked to summarize important information from the lecture. After the question, you will have 20 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.
    Listen to part of a talk in a marketing class.

    Question
    Using points and examples from the talk, describe the four Ms in advertising and how they are related to one another.
We’re going to look at four of the most important aspects of advertising today. The first one is called market. Here, you have to think about whom you are trying to sell your product to. This is really important. If you want to sell to older people, people with money, you’ll want to choose an ad that is going to appeal to them ... not their kids or the guy who washes their cars. You only want them. Don’t waste your money selling to the wrong people. So, you now have to think about what mass media you’re going to use. I would suggest newspapers. Actually, nowadays everyone has a television, but it’s the wealthier members of society who read newspapers. Next, you want to think about your message. What can your product do for people? Will it make them richer? Will it make them slimmer? Remember, we’re selling to a wealthy demographic. What do they want? Next, you need to think about money. Not the money your customers have. It’s the money you have. And, you want what is called the most bang for your buck: it’s the most effective use of your money. Do you want to spend all your money running ads in a few big newspapers? How about a large number of smaller ones? I would go with the bigger ones, because they have national distribution, right? Smaller papers are usually local. However, if you can only deliver your product in a small area, you’ll need to take that into consideration as well. There you have it. The four Ms in advertising are as follows: market, mass media, message, and money. If you do it in that order, you should be able to put together a successful ad campaign.

选项

答案     The first M in advertising is market. This is important because you only want to appeal to one group of people, not everyone. Then there is mass media. You should choose the media according to the market. The example market in the lecture is wealthy people. Because they read newspapers more than other people, it would be a good idea to place ads in newspapers. The third M is message. You have to take into account the things that the people in your market want if you are going to sell them a product. Finally, there is money. You need to look at your market and figure out how to get the largest effect for your investment. If you can only sell your product in one area, you should only spend your money on ads in that area.

解析 听完教授有关生命科学、自然科学、人文科学等主题的讲座后,有60秒钟的回答时间。本题要求说明讲座的主要观点和论题。但是几乎所有的托福题都是如此:主题与专业知识相关,但是答案里所需要的要素在讲座中都提到了,所以不需要提前准备专业知识。还有一点很重要,即回答的时候,千万不能照抄原文,即使是相似的内容,也要换一种方法和句子结构来表达。
    这道题要求对讲座里提到的有关广告的四个M进行说明。对于这种在文章中有很多概念出现的题,一定要做好笔记,否则回答起来会比较困难。讲座里讲的四个M的核心如下:
    1.市场(Market):销售的对象(例如:有钱人)
    2.大众媒体(Mass Media):他们使用的媒体(例如:有钱人-报纸)
    3.信息(Message):使产品更丰富(例如:有钱人的需求)
    4.钱(Money):最有效的投资(例如:主要报纸、地方报纸)
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