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  3. The central problem of economics is to satisfy the people’s and nation’s wan

The central problem of economics is to satisfy the people’s and nation’s wan

游客2024-01-01  62
问题     The central problem of economics is to satisfy the people’s and nation’s wants. The problem we are faced with is that our (1) , here identified as money, are (2) . The only way we can resolve our (3) is to make choices. After looking at our resources, we must examine our list of (4) and identify the things we need (5) , those we can postpone, and (6) we cannot afford. As individuals, we face the central problem involved in economics — deciding just how to allocate our limited resources to provide ourselves with the greatest (7) of our wants.
    Nations face the same problem. As a country’s population (8) , the need for more goods and services grows (9) . Resources necessary to production may increase, but there are (10) enough resources to satisfy the total desires of a (11) . Whether the budget meeting is taking place in the family living-room, in the conference room of the corporation (12) of directors, or in the chamber of the House of Representatives in Washington, the basic problem still exists. We need to find (13) of allocating limited resources in order to satisfy unlimited wants.
    A short time ago, economists divided goods into two categories, free and economic. The former, like air and water, were in (14) abundance that economists had no concern about (15) of scarcity and what to do about it. Today many of these "free goods" are in (16) very expensive to use. Pollution has made clean air and water expensive for producers who have to filter their waste products, for consumers who ultimately pay for the producers’ extra costs, and (17) tax-payers who pay for the government’s involvement in cleaning the environment.
    In the 1990s, almost all goods are (18) . Only by effort and money can they be (19) in the form people wish.
    Meeting the needs of people and the demands from resources available leads to the basic activity of production. In trying to (20) unlimited wants from limited economic goods, production leads to new problems in economics. [br]
选项
答案 reality
解析 词语搭配前面提到：不久前，经济学家们还认为空气、水之类的东西是“免费的”，是取之不竭的；而本句说：如今，许多这种“免费的”东西______用起来是非常昂贵的；根据语境判断此句应与上面内容意思相反；另：in reality是固定搭配，表示：实际上，事实上；因此答案应为reality。
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