2. 职称英语
  3. The word "brick" did not appear in the English language before the 15th centu

The word "brick" did not appear in the English language before the 15th centu

游客2023-12-31  31
问题    The word "brick" did not appear in the English language before the 15th century. Bricks 【C1】______ have been known in Britain before then, but they were not【C2】______ enough to be mentioned by any writer. We know that they were used in ancient Egypt, in India, and in the Roman【C3】______; they were used again in parts of Europe; but there is a strange【C4】______ in the history of brick-making which left Britain, at【C5】______, without bricks for building for several hundred years. When they did arrive in Britain, it was in a very【C6】______ way.
   In the 15th century, Britain’s wool trade was【C7】______ flourishing, and shiploads of wool were exported to other countries, among them, Germany and Holland. These ships would have had to return empty, 【C8】______ their captains were able to pick up a【C9】______ cargo, and no captain likes an empty ship. For【C10】______ thing, it is difficult to【C11】______ in stormy weather; for another thing, it is a great waste of space. So【C12】______ than return home with an empty ship, the captains would【C13】______ up with anything, and at about this time, somebody had the idea of loading the home-bound ships with【C14】______. These were already being used【C15】______ in Holland and Germany, where the brick-makers were anxious to sell their surplus【C16】______.
   These bricks must have been a godsend to the builders of London and southeast England. There was very【C17】______ building stone in that part of the country, and stocks of good building【C18】______ were running【C19】______. Bricks were first used for the big houses of rich people living in the countryside, and only later for town houses and 【C20】______ cottages. [br] 【C3】
选项 A、Empire
B、State
C、Kingdom
D、Knighthood
答案 A
解析    本题考点为文化背景知识与词义辨析。完形填空不仅考查对语法、词汇、固定搭配、句型的掌握情况和阅读理解的能力，还考查基本的文化常识。
   (1)句式分析。
   原句中，We know是主句，that they were used…是宾语从句，其中，连词and将in ancient Egypt(古埃及)，in India(印度)和in the Roman______并列在一起。由此可知，ancient Egypt，India和the Roman______指历史上的三个国家。
   (2)句意判断。
   经过句式分析，根据文化常识可知，此处the Roman______指“罗马帝国”，此句意为“我们知道在古埃及、印度和罗马帝国，人们使用砖块”。
   【知识拓展】词汇拓展。
   常见国家的英文表达：英国(Britain，England，the United Kingdom／the UK)，美国(America，the United States)，法国(France)，日本(Japan)，朝鲜(North Korea)，韩国(South Korea)，德国(German)，埃及(Egypt)，泰国(Thailand)，土耳其(Turkey)，新加坡(Singapore)，叙利亚(Syria)，瑞典(Sweden)，荷兰(Netherlands)，西班牙(Spain)，希腊(Greece)，意大利(Italy)，澳大利亚(Australia)，新西兰(New Zealand)。
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