首页
登录
职称英语
America’s more capitalist sports fans commonly acknowledge that their country
America’s more capitalist sports fans commonly acknowledge that their country
游客
2023-12-30
8
管理
问题
America’s more capitalist sports fans commonly acknowledge that their country’s most popular sports, like the National Football League and the National Basketball Association, have several rules that would please a Scandinavian social democrat. Salary caps and luxury taxes limit how much each team can spend on players, punish those that over-spend, and close the gap between rich and poor teams. In both sports, the top draft picks typically go to the worst-performing squads from the previous year. Revenue sharing redistributes wealth among the rich and poor teams. Overall, success is punished by design, misfortune is rewarded by design, and the power of wealth is
circumscribed
with spending caps.
It’s a different story across the Atlantic, where many European soccer leagues have practices that would please an American conservative. There are few salary-cap rules, so a handful of rich teams tend to dominate annually. When a soccer team performs poorly, it is not rewarded with a high draft pick. Instead, the club is
relegated
to a less competitive league, a mighty blow to their revenue. Meanwhile the most successful teams from lower divisions are promoted to more competitive leagues where they can earn even more money.
For years, economists have wondered why America doesn’t share Europe’s socialist approach to government. But maybe it’s worth flipping the question: Why don’t European sports share U.S.-style socialism? Why do European soccer leagues punish the downtrodden, while American sports are so soft on losers?
In their famous 2001 paper, "Why Doesn’t The U.S. Have A European-Style Welfare State?" the economists Alberto Alesina, Edward Glaeser, and Bruce Sacerdote pointed out that public policies are an echo of national history. For example, in the U.S., the legacy of the 19th century’s "open frontier" made Americans skeptical of government intrusion, while the absence of an influential socialist party after World War II made it difficult for leftist policies to take root.
By analogy, perhaps, one could look to history to see the origin of Europe’s surprisingly free-market approach to sports. The rules of today’s English Premier League can be traced to the late 19th century, when English soccer was in a period of rapid growth, with hundreds of English and Welsh clubs forming in several decades. Owners, players, and fans all recognized that the helter-skelter scheduling made it harder for people to plan their lives around soccer. In 1888, 12 teams banded together to form England’s first Football League. This provided a modicum of structure to the beautiful game, such as set schedules and guaranteed home games. In its original rules, the worst teams in the league had to apply for "reelection" to remain. Otherwise, one of England’s hundreds of other soccer teams could take their place. As the League grew in size and number of divisions, reelection evolved into a system of promotion and relegation — a model that has
taken hold
in soccer leagues in Europe and around the world. [br] According to the passage, there are______in many European soccer leagues.
选项
A、salary caps and luxury taxes
B、punishment on over-spending teams
C、a great gap between rich and poor teams
D、few salary-cap rules
答案
D
解析
文章第2段第二句表示欧洲足球联赛没有什么薪水上限的规定,所以屈指可数的几个豪门往往每年都处于主导地位。A、B、C项描述的是美国橄榄球联盟和篮球协会的特点。答案为D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3319940.html
相关试题推荐
ThoughAmericansdonotcurrently______abortionsdirectly,costsarecarriedby
PhyllisWheatleyisregardedasAmerica’sfirstblackpoet.Shewasbornin
PhyllisWheatleyisregardedasAmerica’sfirstblackpoet.Shewasbornin
PhyllisWheatleyisregardedasAmerica’sfirstblackpoet.Shewasbornin
PhyllisWheatleyisregardedasAmerica’sfirstblackpoet.Shewasbornin
PhyllisWheatleyisregardedasAmerica’sfirstblackpoet.Shewasbornin
PhyllisWheatleyisregardedasAmerica’sfirstblackpoet.Shewasbornin
Foravarietyofreasons,manyAmericanyoungadultsarereturninghomeoraren
Oneperson______10nowgoestoauniversityinthiscountry.A、ofB、overC、inD、f
It’scommonlyacknowledgedthatinfantmortalityhasdeclinedbecauseofrecent
随机试题
喜庆joyous;festive
[originaltext]W:Goodmorning.MayIhelpyou?M:Yes,I’dliketoopenanacc
[originaltext]W:Ifitishottomorrow,wemaygiveuptheideaofplayingtenn
书刊的印制质量问题有()等。A.封面与书心的粘贴之处有空泡 B.书脊文字偏斜
A.极限不存在 B.极限存在,但不连续 C.连续,但不可导 D.可导
A.20μm B.4.5μm C.1.0μm D.0.65~0.8μm
A.出生24小时内 B.2个月 C.8个月以上 D.3个月 E.1个月麻
某评标过程中,评标专家甲因健康原因无法继续从事评审工作,重新补充抽取了评标专家乙
根据药品监督管理部门的职责分工,省级药品监督管理部门的职责不包括A.负责药品研制
根据《环境影响评价技术导则—地面水环境》,关于现有点污染源调查的说法,正确的是(
最新回复
(
0
)