首页
登录
职称英语
The world is on the cusp of a staggering rise in the number of old people, and t
The world is on the cusp of a staggering rise in the number of old people, and t
游客
2023-12-30
11
管理
问题
The world is on the cusp of a staggering rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years, the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth and "secular stagnation", while the swelling ranks of pensioners will bust government budgets.
But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the idle old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled. Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people whereas older skilled folk are working longer. The divide is most extreme in the U.S., where well-educated baby-boomers are putting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out the workforce.
This trend will benefit not just fortunate oldies but also, in some ways, society as a whole. Growth will slow less dramatically than expected; government budgets will be in better shape, as high earners pay taxes longer. Rich countries with lots of well-educated older people will find the burden of ageing easier to bear than other countries like China, where half of all 50-to-64-year-olds did not complete primary-school education. At the other end of the social scale, however, things look grim. Manual work gets harder as people get older, and public pensions look more attractive to those on low wages and the unemployed.
Nor are all the effects on the economy beneficial. Wealthy old people will accumulate more savings, which will weaken demand. Inequality will increase and a growing share of wealth will eventually be transferred to the next generation via inheritance, entrenching the division between winners and losers still further. One likely response is to impose higher inheritance taxes. So long as they replace less-fair taxes, that might make sense. This would probably encourage old people to spend their cash rather than salt it away. But governments should focus not on redistributing income but on generating more of it by reforming retirement and education.
How likely are governments to make these changes? Look around the rich world today, and it is hard to be optimistic. The swelling ranks of older voters, and their disproportionate propensity to vote, have left politicians keener to pander to them than to implement disruptive reforms. Germany, despite being the fastest-ageing country in Europe, plans to cut the statutory retirement age for some people. In the U.S., both social security (the public pension scheme) and the fast-growing system of disability benefits remain untouched by reform. Politicians need to convince less-skilled older voters that it is in their interests to go on working. Doing so will not be easy. But the alternative—economic stagnation and even greater inequality—is worse. [br] There is a new trend in the U.S., where ______.
选项
A、there appears a baby boom
B、more younger unskilled people are unemployed
C、more older skilled people are working longer
D、both B and C
答案
D
解析
本题问美国国内的情况,第2段第3句的The divide指代第2句提到的情况:年轻但无技能人群的就业率在下降,而有技能的老年人群工作年限在变长。这也就是选项B和C的内容,因此D正确。A“出现婴儿潮”摘取文中出现的细节baby-boomers进行干扰,是利用个别词捏造而成,故排除。B和C仅提到了新趋势的一方面,不够全面,也排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3318730.html
相关试题推荐
Somepeopleassociatemigrationmainlywithbirds.Birdsdotravelvastdist
Somepeopleassociatemigrationmainlywithbirds.Birdsdotravelvastdist
Somepeopleassociatemigrationmainlywithbirds.Birdsdotravelvastdist
Somepeopleassociatemigrationmainlywithbirds.Birdsdotravelvastdist
Somepeopleassociatemigrationmainlywithbirds.Birdsdotravelvastdist
Cooperationisthecommonendeavoroftwoormorepeopletoperformatasko
Cooperationisthecommonendeavoroftwoormorepeopletoperformatasko
Cooperationisthecommonendeavoroftwoormorepeopletoperformatasko
Cooperationisthecommonendeavoroftwoormorepeopletoperformatasko
Cooperationisthecommonendeavoroftwoormorepeopletoperformatasko
随机试题
A--CerebralhemorrhageB--RoutineurinalysisC--Posit
【S1】[br]【S9】A、forB、onC、underD、insideC惯用衔接题。underthecommonlaw意为“在普通的法律中”
A.产后1周 B.产后8周 C.产后30天 D.产后10周 E.产后6周
在素描写生课中,王老师发现有些学生对表珊|生素描很感兴趣,并且有一定的表现力,于
关于客户信息管理的原则和策略,正确的说法有()。A.客户信息管理的原则是:有
A.异丁苯丙酸 B.消炎痛 C.乙酰水杨酸 D.扑热息痛 E.炎痛喜康吲
人在每一瞬间,将心理活动选择了某些对象而忽略了另一些对象。这一特点指的是注意的(
以下关于县级人民代表大会代表候选人的人数,应多于应选代表的人数倍数的表述错误的是
可抑制小肠运动的是( )。A.促胃液素 B.促胃动素 C.胰高血糖素 D
没有价值追求的科技创新没有出路,没有价值担当的科技工作缺少灵魂,当今世界,科技一
最新回复
(
0
)