首页
登录
职称英语
[originaltext] At the end of the 19th century, a social scientist visited St
[originaltext] At the end of the 19th century, a social scientist visited St
游客
2023-12-29
33
管理
问题
At the end of the 19th century, a social scientist visited Stockwell, in south London. He was involved in an ambitious project, led by the shipping magnate Charles Booth, to color-code every street in the capital according to its social make-up. In general, the area struck him as comfortable. But just east of Stockwell Road he found a pocket of filth and squalor, with rude residents and broken windows. It was, he believed, "far the worst place in the division".
Since then, the area has been transformed. Dismal two-storey cottages have been swept away and replaced by grass and the apartment blocks of the Stockwell Park Estate. But the appearance of the neighborhood has changed more than its character. Julie Fawcett, who lives in one of the blocks, characterizes her neighbors as "the mad, the bad and the sad". Unemployment is more than double the area’s average.
In many ways, London has changed dramatically in the past century. It has sprawled far beyond its 1898 boundaries. The network of underground transport has expanded, and cars have appeared. The city has been bombed in two world wars. The middle classes fled, then returned. Yet when Booth’s maps am updated using data from the last census, the changes are less striking than what has stayed the same. Not only do the broad patterns found in the 19th century hold -- the East End is still poor, the West End still rich -- but so do many local ones.
Booth’s method of judging streets was necessarily impressionistic. Researchers peered through windows and into back gardens in search of clues. A torn waistcoat on a clothes line in Kentish Town, north London, "told clearly of working-class occupants". Police officers were asked their opinions. Of the residents of one street in the south London neighborhood of Battersea, the local copper asserted: "People have improved their houses but not their manners." That road was coded black, for "vicious, semi-criminal" -- the lowest of seven categories.
Sadly, the 2001 census does not measure viciousness. But it does measure people’s socioeconomic status. By collapsing its eight categories, and Booth’s seven, into four, it is possible to see how a neighborhood has changed (or not changed) over a century. One area that has altered more than most: north Chelsea.
In 1898, Chelsea was socially mixed, and neither especially rich nor especially poor. Booth’s researchers found some well-to-do residents in the Georgian terraces and on the main roads; before the advent of cars, busy roads were often smart. Worst was a now-demolished street southeast of the Fulham Road, the neighborhood’s main drag, which featured "evil looking drink sodden old Irish women".
A century later, managerial and professional workers are now the dominant group in the area. Many streets that were middling in Booth’s day are now wealthy, and some pockets of deep poverty have disappeared.
But poverty has not been altogether banished from this part of Chelsea, nor has it moved much. Most of the poorest areas in 2001 were also poor in 1898, and in almost exactly the same places. The reason is that the worst Victorian slums have been knocked down and replaced with tracts of social housing. Some of this housing was built by charitable trusts in the early 20th century.
选项
A、urban planner
B、social scientist
C、shipping tycoon
D、government consultant
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3316570.html
相关试题推荐
Althoughencouragingyoungsterstoplaytheirrolesinsocialactivities,Icann
Theword"brick"didnotappearintheEnglishlanguagebeforethe15thcentury.
Theword"brick"didnotappearintheEnglishlanguagebeforethe15thcentury.
Theword"brick"didnotappearintheEnglishlanguagebeforethe15thcentury.
Theword"brick"didnotappearintheEnglishlanguagebeforethe15thcentury.
Theword"brick"didnotappearintheEnglishlanguagebeforethe15thcentury.
Theword"brick"didnotappearintheEnglishlanguagebeforethe15thcentury.
Theword"brick"didnotappearintheEnglishlanguagebeforethe15thcentury.
Theword"brick"didnotappearintheEnglishlanguagebeforethe15thcentury.
Theword"brick"didnotappearintheEnglishlanguagebeforethe15thcentury.
随机试题
Althoughnumbersofanimalsinagivenregionmayfluctuatefromyeartoyea
【B1】[br]【B10】[originaltext]RecentlyagroupofSwedishresearchscientist
Awkward!NinestickyworksituationsandhowtofixthemDeali
补体含量增高见于A.肿瘤 B.肾小球肾炎 C.血清病 D.系统性红斑狼疮
下列不属于大黄处方用名的是A.大黄B.酒大黄C.军炭D.清宁片E.炒清宁片
A.低血钾B.精神抑郁C.反跳现象D.心率减慢E.直立性低血压突然停用可乐定的不
质量改进的重要性体现在()。 A.质量改进具有很高的投资收益率 B.通过对
非结算会员的结算准备金余额低于规定或者约定最低余额的,未在结算协议约定的时间内追
患者,男,36岁,平素体健,淋雨后发热,咳嗽2天,右上腹痛伴气急、恶心1天。体检
2005年7月21日,在主动性、可控性、渐进性原则指导下,人民币汇率形成机制改革
最新回复
(
0
)