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  3. Civil rights advocates say the arrest of a Coast Guard lieutenant charged wi

Civil rights advocates say the arrest of a Coast Guard lieutenant charged wi

游客2023-12-28  9
问题     Civil rights advocates say the arrest of a Coast Guard lieutenant charged with planning a massive domestic terrorist attack show the military has allowed a problem with white nationalism in the ranks to fester while it focused on aggressively vetting immigrants.
    Branches of the U.S. military have boosted background checks on immigrant recruits since last year, changing the naturalization process, adding extra security screenings and discharging hundreds who had been recruited specifically for valuable foreign language and medical skills.
    At the same time, advocates charge that military officials have failed to take effective action to root out enlistees who support white nationalism and white supremacy, pointing to the case of Christopher Paul Hasson, who was arrested last Friday, as a notable example.
    "[The vetting] is not happening to native-born Americans at all, " said retired Army Reserve Lt. Col. Margaret Stock, who has fought for the rights of immigrant enlistees in court. "That’s one of the reasons why they’re having such a huge problem right now with white supremacists in the military. That’s actually the big security threat right now."
    A survey by the Military Times found that nearly one in four U.S. troops said they had seen white nationalism among military members. Thirty percent of respondents also said that white nationalists posed a significant threat to national security.
    But the military’s most recent focus has been on toughening standards for immigrants who want to enlist.
    The U.S. Army discharged more than 500 immigrant enlistees last year, the Associated Press reported in October, after those immigrants were recruited for their skills and promised a path to citizenship. These immigrants entered the Army under the Military Accessions Vital to the National Interest (MAVNI) program, which started a decade ago to bring in people who had vital language and medical skills.
    The Washington Post reported last month that the Defense Department is working on a plan to examine military recruits with foreign ties, including some U.S. citizens. And multiple reports have documented the way that the Pentagon’s vetting system for MAVNI recruits now can flag activities.
    The Pentagon has pushed back on complaints about how it has handled MAVNI recruits, saying the system is working normally. A Pentagon spokeswoman said that long wait times for background investigations can happen because MAVNI recruits often come from countries with lots of terrorist activity and poor government records.
    Some members of the military and veterans have spoken out against the crackdown on immigrants.
    "The leadership at the Pentagon is sending a terrible message that the U.S. military does not welcome anybody who has connections to foreign countries, which is totally counterproductive, " Stock said "We need people in the military who speak foreign languages, who understand foreign cultures, who come from foreign cultures. It’s been a long tradition that those folks serve and we can’t deploy globally without them."
    She argued that the stricter scrutiny of immigrants may even be contributing to the problem of white nationalism.
    "Immigrants are 13.5％ of the population so if you’re going to make them unwelcome in the military, you’re going to have problems recruiting people and you’re going to have to take native born Americans who are not qualified, " she said.
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答案     民权人士称，逮捕一名被控策划大规模国内恐怖袭击的美国海岸警卫队中尉表明，美军在集中精力积极审查移民的同时，放任军队内部白人民族主义的问题不管，任其恶化。
    自去年以来，美国军方各部门加强了对招募移民士兵的背景审查，改变了入籍程序，增加了额外的安全检查，解雇数百名因具备重要语言和医疗技能而应征入伍的外国人。
    与此同时，活动人士指责军部官员未能采取有效措施开除那些支持白人民族主义和白人至上主义的士兵。上周五被捕的克里斯托弗.保罗.哈森(Christopher Paul Hasson)就是一个明显的例子。
    在法庭上为移民入伍者争取权利的退役陆军预备役中校玛格丽特.斯托克(Margaret Stock)说：“美军根本不会审查土生土长的美国人。这就是为什么现在军队里白人至上主义问题严重的原因。这实际上是目前最大的安全威胁。”
    《军事时报》(Military Times)一项调查发现，近四分之一的美国军人表示，军队里存在白人民族主义。30％的受访者还表示，白人民族主义者对国家安全构成了重大威胁。
    但军方最近的工作重点是加大力度审查希望想要参军的移民。
    据美联社(Associated Press)10月报道，美国陆军去年开除了500多名移民士兵，此前这些移民因技能优势被征召入伍，美军承诺他们将获得美国公民身份。这些移民是通过报名紧缺人才征兵计划(MAVNI)进入美军军队服役的。该计划于10年前启动，目的是招募具有重要语言和医疗技能的外籍人士。
    《华盛顿邮报》(The Washington Post)上个月报道说，美国国防部(Defense Department)正在制定一项计划。对与外国有联系的新兵进行审查，受审对象包括部分美国公民。多份报告记录了美国国防部对通过紧缺人才征兵计划招募的新兵进行活动标记的方式。
    美国国防部反驳了有关它如何审查新兵的说法，称该系统运作正常。其中一名女发言人称，因为通过肾缺人才征兵计划招募的新兵往往来自恐怖活动频繁、政府治理不佳的国家，所以背景调查可能需要耗费较长时间。
    一些军人和退伍军人公开反对美军对移民征兵采取的严厉审查措施。斯托克说：“美国国防部领导层的做法暗示了美国军方不欢迎任何与外国有联系的人，这完全是适得其反的。军队需要会说外语、理解外国文化、来自外国的人。这些人一直在为美军效力。没有他们，我们无法进行全球化部署。
    她认为，对移民征兵的严格审查甚至可能助长军队内的白人民族主义。她说：“移民征兵占军队总人数的13.596，所以如果他们在军队里不受欢迎，军队在招募新兵方面就会遇到问题，他们就必须接受那些不合格但在美国本土出生的人。”
解析     1.第1段the ranks为固定搭配，意思是the position of ordinary soldiers rather than officers“普通士兵而不是军官的职位”。因此，此处white nationalism in the ranks可译作“军队内部的白人民族主义”。
    2.第2段naturalization为多义词，有“入籍”“移植”“归化”等多个义项。根据本文语境，该段提及美军承诺移民征兵他们将获得美国公民身份，故此处naturalization process可译作“入籍程序”。
    3.第3段root out为固定搭配，意思是to find the person or thing that is causing a problem and remove or get rid of them“找出引起问题的人或物。并将其除掉”。因此，此处可译作“开除”。
    4.第9段第一句push back on为固定搭配，意思是to oppose or resist a plan，an idea or a change“反对或抵制一项计划、想法或改变”。结合本文语境，此处可译作“反驳”。
    5.第10段crackdown原义为“镇压”，文中指的是美国国防部强化对移民征兵的审查，因此，译为“严厉审查措施”更为合适。
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