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  3. Freudian theory indeed took western 20th-century civilization by storm. How

Freudian theory indeed took western 20th-century civilization by storm. How

游客2023-12-27  73
问题     Freudian theory indeed took western 20th-century civilization by storm. How so? The answer lies in four factors.
    Of Freud’s powers as a writer and advocate of ideas, and as a possessor of an extraordinary ability to weave together medical knowledge, some genuine insights into the human condition and a powerful imagination, there can be no question. He has the narrative skills of a first-rate novelist, and a knack for devising striking ways to describe the psychological phenomena he studies. His marvelous powers of imagination fed on analogy and metaphor, and annexed the austere terminologies of scientific medicine and psychology to them. This gave them authority. His case studies are highly organized narratives constructed from true-life gossip based on voyeurism—irresistible to human curiosity.
    The second attraction—that Freud offers each individual a revelation of secrets about himself that he does not himself know—is equally irresistible. The same compound of insecurity and curiosity, anxiety and desire that makes so many resort against their better judgment to fortune-tellers, is at work here; except that here the imprimatur of science makes the proceeding respectable, which is why people will spend far more on their analysts than on their astrologers.
    The third attraction is the promised theory of human nature. Religious accounts of fallen man, of humanity as midway between beast and angel, of imperishable souls trapped in disgusting matter and therefore sinful from birth, had lost their grip with many, while at the same time Darwinian views offered no account of why evolution had made man as he is.
    In identifying sexual and aggressive impulses as the fundamental human drives, and in specifying their causes, Freud offered an inclusive philosophical psychology. Humans struggle with conceptual bewilderments about themselves and their complex natures; one can see why the appearance of Freud’s magisterial new insights seemed as welcome as rain in drought.
    And finally there is the fact that sex lies at. the core of the stow. Freud performed a great service by liberating debate on the matter, but it is questionable whether the importance he assigns it is correct. The hungry always think of food; the fed put eating in its proper place. The accidents of social history are easily mistaken for the essentials of human nature. The surprise is that people do not see how, at most, sex can only be part of a far more complicated story.
    From Animism to Zoroastrianism, every view known to man retains at least a few devotees. There might always be Freudians, and there will always be admirers of Freud’s great imaginative and literary powers; these two, as the foregoing remarks suggest, are intimately linked. But as to Freud’s claims upon troth, the judgment of time seems to be running against him. [br] People trusted Freud because ______ .
选项 A、they found it hard to believe the astrologers
B、Freudian theory sounded reasonable
C、they couldn’t make a sensible judgment
D、they wanted to have insights into human beings
答案 B
解析 推断题型见第五段第二句：人类挣扎于有关自己的总体迷茫和人类复杂难解的特性；因此人们可以了解为什么弗洛伊德颇有权威的新见解的出现就像久旱逢甘霖般受欢迎；另见第二段中提及的：他非凡的想象力是以类比和比喻的文学手法为基础并将严肃的医学、心理学术语融入其中的；这一切使得他的理论显得权威，而他的个案研究是将现实生活中基于窥淫癖的闲谈组织得很好的叙述，这一切令人们的好奇心无法抵御。因此可知弗洛伊德的理论看起来非常有理，因此人们相信他。B为答案。
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