首页
登录
职称英语
Sexual Reproduction Birds do it. Bees do it. But d
Sexual Reproduction Birds do it. Bees do it. But d
游客
2023-12-26
31
管理
问题
Sexual Reproduction
Birds do it. Bees do it. But dandelions don’t. The prodigious spread of these winsome weeds
underscores a little-appreciated biological fact
. Contrary to human experience, sex is not essential to reproduction. Asexual organisms can often churn out multiple generations of clones, gaining a distinct edge in the evolutionary numbers game. And therein lies the puzzle: If sex is such an inefficient way to reproduce, why is it so widespread?
Sex almost certainly originated nearly 3. 5 billion years ago as a mechanism for repairing the DNA of bacteria. Because ancient earth was such a violent place, the genes of these unicellular organisms would have been frequently damaged by intense heat and ultraviolet radiation. " Conjugation" — the intricate process in which one bacterium infuses genetic material into another — provided an ingenious, if cumbersome, solution to this problem, although bacteria continued to rely on asexual reproduction to increase their numbers.
Animal sex, however, is a more recent invention. Biologist Lynn Margulis of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst believes the evolutionary roots of egg and sperm cells can be traced back to a group of organisms known as rotests that first appeared some 1. 5 billion years ago.(Modern examples include protozoa, giant kelp and malaria parasite. ) During periods of starvation, Margulis conjectures, one rotest was driven to devour another. Sometimes this cannibalistic meal was incompletely digested, and the nuclei of prey and predator fused. By joining forces, the fused cells were better able to survive adversity, and because they survived, their penchant for union was passed on to their distant descendants.
From this vantage point, human sexuality seems little more than a wondrous accident, born of a kind of original sin among protozoa. Most population biologists, however, believe sex was maintained over evolutionary time because it somehow enhanced survival. The mixing and matching of parental genes, they argue, provide organisms with a novel mechanism for generating genetically different offspring, thereby increasing the odds that their progeny could exploit new niches in a changing environment and, by virtue of their diversity, have a better chance of surviving the assaults of bacteria and other tiny germs that rapidly evolve tricks for eluding their hosts’ defenses. [br] The word "elude" underlined in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to______.
选项
A、escape
B、confront
C、recognize
D、attack
答案
A
解析
词义题型,答案是A。elude此处意为“逃避、逃开”,A选项意为“逃避”,B选项意为“面临、遭遇”,C选项意为“认出、承认”,D选项意为“攻击”,故选A。本题核心:充分利用上下文语境推测词义。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3306995.html
相关试题推荐
Campanawaschargedofsexuallyassaultingtwentyboyswhenheworkedinapriva
SexualReproductionBirdsdoit.Beesdoit.Butd
SexualReproductionBirdsdoit.Beesdoit.Butd
SexualReproductionBirdsdoit.Beesdoit.Butd
SexualReproductionBirdsdoit.Beesdoit.Butd
SexualReproductionBirdsdoit.Beesdoit.Butd
SexualReproductionBirdsdoit.Beesdoit.Butd
SexualReproductionBirdsdoit.Beesdoit.Butd
SexualReproductionBirdsdoit.Beesdoit.Butd
Migrantswereamongthelargemobblamedfornumeroussexualassaultsonwomeno
随机试题
WhatisNOTafeatureofthenewkaraokemachine?[originaltext]Onceasourc
[originaltext]M:Well.Itwasn’tacampundercanvaswithsingsongsroundaca
[originaltext]M:Whatmadeyoudecideonthistypeofoccupation?W:Oh,totel
设A=,B为三阶非零矩阵,且AB=O,则r(A)=_______.
下列有一项不是内伤腰痛特点A.腰部隐痛 B.病程缠绵 C.起病隐袭 D.腰
X-连锁无丙种球蛋白血症的突变基因是A.7日左右出现 B.5日左右出现 C.
患者,女性,30岁。背部肿块、红、肿、疼痛3天,寒战,发热39℃。查体:背部肿物
引起黑热病的病原虫是A.墨西哥利什曼原虫 B.杜氏利什曼原虫 C.巴西利什曼
有两个不透明的抽奖箱,里面都放有大小形状相同的红黑小球各2颗,小明和小白分别从两
关于抗震设防三个水准目标,下述说法不正确的是()。A.基本烈度、第二水准烈度
最新回复
(
0
)