How is nearsightedness affecting the world? [br] [originaltext] If you ar

游客2023-12-24  22

问题 How is nearsightedness affecting the world? [br]  
If you are concerned that your child will be nearsighted, a new artificial intelligence model developed from millions of eyesight records could help predict whether your offspring will need glasses.
       Myopia is the most common visual impairment in children, and China has an unprecedented rate of nearsightedness. A recent WHO report showed that about 600 million Chinese, almost half the population, are nearsighted, including more than 70 percent of high school and college students, and 40 percent of primary school children.
       Current approaches to curbing vision loss include eyedrops, glasses, contact lenses and surgery. However, while these can be effective, they have side effects, such as higher rates of recurrence, eye infections, sensitivity decline, sore eye and other ailments.
       If nearsightedness could be predicted, medical professionals could intervene with appropriate treatments to help reduce the risk of high myopia, which is measured by a focusing power of-6 diopters, a measurement of the optical power of a lens, and higher.
       After analyzing 1.25 million eyesight records over three years, researchers from Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangdong province have identified myopia development rules, and built an AI model to predict the condition in children and teenagers.
       The study, published in the international journal PLOS Medicine two years ago, involved children ages 5 to 18 who had eyesight checks from 2005 to 2015 in eight of the largest ophthalmic centers in the southern province. The researchers discovered that nearsightedness usually occurs at age 7, and rapidly develops before age 10. It can grow to -3 diopters during the teenage years and up to -6 diopters in the 20s. More recently, the research team has developed an AI model for myopia prediction and made it public, demonstrating how it works by using the case of a 5-year-old boy who was nearsighted and began wearing glasses at -1 diopter last year. The myopia prediction model will be put into clinical use soon.
       It is held that the AI model could also help combat the limited number of specialists. By the end of 2014, China had just 36,000 ophthalmologists, with 70 percent of them working in big cities.

选项 A、New methods for myopia treatment are explored because the current ones are not effective and have side effects.
B、The AI model is designed to intervene eye development in order to prevent high myopia.
C、The researchers have put the AI model into clinical use.
D、There are not enough specialists in eye treatment across China, especially in less-developed areas.

答案 D

解析 事实细节的找寻与判断。根据原文“while these can be effective, they have side effects”可知,现有的医疗手段有效但有副作用,而选项A表述为这些手段效果不好,还有副作用,与原文相悖,该选项错误。根据“If nearsightedness could be predicted, medical professionals could intervene with appropriate treatments”及下文有关该AI技术的表述可知,该技术是用来预测近视的,根据预测医生可以采取相应的干预措施,而选项B表示该AI技术就是用来干预眼睛发育从而预防高度近视的,表述错误。由“The myopia prediction mode I will be put into clinical use soon” 可知,此技术还未投入临床使用,选项C中“have put the AI model into clinical use”错误。根据“It is held … limited number of specialists … China had just … 70 percent of them working in big cities”可知,目前中国眼科专家数量不足,并且大部分专家都在大城市就职,由此可以推断不发达地区眼科专家缺乏情况更加严重。选项D为最佳选项。
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