首页
登录
职称英语
The ancient reputation of Vikings as bloodthirsty raiders on cold northern se
The ancient reputation of Vikings as bloodthirsty raiders on cold northern se
游客
2023-12-22
21
管理
问题
The ancient reputation of Vikings as bloodthirsty raiders on cold northern seas has undergone a radical change in recent decades. A kinder, gentler, and more fashionable Viking emerged. But our view of the Norse may be about to alter course again as scholars turn their gaze to a segment of Viking society that has long remained in the shadows.
Archaeologists are using recent findings and analysis of previous discoveries—from iron collars in Ireland to possible plantation houses in Sweden—to illuminate the role of slavery in creating and maintaining the Viking way of life.
Scandinavian slavery still echoes in the English language today. The expression "to be held in thrall," meaning to be under someone’s power, traces back to the Old Norse term for a slave: thrall.
Slavery in the region long predates the Vikings. There is evidence of vast economic disparity as early as the first century A. D. , with some people living with animals in barns while others live nearby in large, prosperous homes. Ancient chronicles long mentioned that people, as well as precious objects, were a target of the Viking raids that began in 793 A. D. at the Scottish monastery of Lindisfarne. The Annals of Ulster record "a great booty of women" taken in a raid near Dublin in 821 A. D. , while the same account contends that 3,000 people were captured in a single attack a century later.
Neil Price, an archaeologist at Sweden’s Uppsala University, suspects that "slavery was a very significant motivator in raiding. " One key factor may have been a dire need for women. Some scholars believe that the Vikings were a polygamous society that made it hard for non-elites to find brides. That may have driven the raids and ambitious exploration voyages for which Vikings are best known. Some genetic studies, for example, suggest that a majority of Icelandic women are related to Scottish and Irish ancestors who likely were raid booty.
As Viking fleets expanded, so did the need for wool to produce the sails necessary to power the ships. This also may have driven the need for slaves. The pressing need for wool production likely led to a plantation-like economy, a topic now being studied by researchers. For example, at a Swedish site called Sanda, researchers in the 1990s found a great hall surrounded by small houses. Some Swedish archaeologists now believe this could have been a Viking plantation with slaves as the labor force. "What you likely have is a slave-driven production of textiles," said Price. "We can’t really know who is making the cloth, but the implications are clear. "
William Fitzhugh, an archaeologist at the Smithsonian Institution, added that "female slaves were concubines, cooks, and domestic workers. " Male thralls likely were involved in cutting trees, building ships, and rowing those vessels for their Viking masters. Other studies suggest that Viking slaves were sometimes sacrificed when their masters died, and they ate poorly during their lives. [br] In the Vikings’ society, female slaves did not serve as______.
选项
A、housemaids
B、wood-cutters
C、concubines
D、cooks
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3296720.html
相关试题推荐
TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.The
TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.The
TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.The
TheancientreputationofVikingsasbloodthirstyraidersoncoldnorthernse
TheancientreputationofVikingsasbloodthirstyraidersoncoldnorthernse
TheancientChineseboardgameGowasinventedlongbeforetherewasanywrit
TheancientChineseboardgameGowasinventedlongbeforetherewasanywrit
TheancientChineseboardgameGowasinventedlongbeforetherewasanywrit
Homosapienswerenotalwayssospecial.Intheancientpast,otherhumanfor
Homosapienswerenotalwayssospecial.Intheancientpast,otherhumanfor
随机试题
Musicians—fromkaraokesingerstoprofessionalviolinplayers—arebetterabl
Questions28-35Completethenotesbelowusingwordsfromthebox.Writeyouran
目前不合乎伦理的优生措施是()。A.婚前检查 B.禁止近亲结婚 C.
A.长圆柱形,外皮易脱落,断面粉性B.多分枝,集聚成簇,常弯曲,形如鸡爪C.薄壁
A.天麻B.羚羊角C.代赭石D.罗布麻E.牡蛎善于治疗肝阳上亢兼小便不利的药物是
串补装置精确测温周期:1000kV:1周,省评价中心()月。1$;$
以()为特征的传播活动是公共关系最实质性的部分。A:长期性B:广泛性C:整体
具有明目作用,可用治夜盲及眼目昏涩的药物是( )。A.佩兰 B.苍术 C.
一住店客人未付房钱即想离开旅馆去车站。旅馆服务员揪住他不让走,并打报警电话。客人
根据专利法律制度的规定,实用新型专利权的期限为()。A.50年 B.20年
最新回复
(
0
)