首页
登录
职称英语
Prior to 1975, union efforts to organize public-sector clerical workers, most
Prior to 1975, union efforts to organize public-sector clerical workers, most
游客
2023-12-22
9
管理
问题
Prior to 1975, union efforts to organize public-sector clerical workers, most of whom are women, were somewhat limited. The factors favoring unionization drives seem to have been either the presence of large numbers of workers, as in New York City, to make it worth the effort, or the concentration of small numbers in one or two locations, such as a hospital, to make it relatively easy. Receptivity to unionization on the workers’ part was also a consideration, but when there were large numbers involved or the clerical workers were the only unorganized group in a jurisdiction, the multioccupational unions would often try to organize them regardless of the workers’ initial receptivity. The strategic reasoning was based, first, on the concern that politicians and administrators might play off unionized against nonunionized workers, and, second, on the conviction that a fully unionized public work force meant power, both at the bargaining table and in the legislature. In localities where clerical workers were few in number, were scattered in several workplaces, and expressed no interest in being organized, unions more often than not ignored them in the pre-1975 period.
But since the mid-1970s, a different strategy has emerged. In 1977, 34 percent of government clerical workers were represented by a labor organization, compared with 46-percent of government professionals, 44 percent of government blue-collar workers, and 41 percent of government service workers. Since then, however, the biggest increases in public-sector unionization have been among clerical workers. Between 1977 and 1980, the number of unionized government workers in blue-collar and service occupations increased only about 1.5 percent, while in the white-collar occupations the increase was 20 percent and among clerical workers in particular, the increase was 22 percent.
What accounts for this upsurge in unionization among clerical workers? First, more women have entered the work force in the past few years, and more of them plan to remain working until retirement age. Consequently, they are probably more concerned than their predecessors were about job security and economic benefits. Also, the women’s movement has succeeded in legitimizing the economic and political activism of women on their own behalf, thereby producing a more positive attitude toward unions. The absence of any comparable increase in unionization among private-sector clerical workers, however, identifies the primary catalyst—the structural change in the multioccupational public-sector unions themselves. Over the past twenty years, the occupational distribution in these unions has been steadily shifting from predominantly blue-collar to predominantly white-collar. Because there are far more women in white-collar jobs, an increase in the proportion of female members has accompanied the occupational shift and has altered union policy-making in favor of organizing women and addressing women’s issues. [br] The author’s claim that a new strategy has emerged in the unionization of public sector clerical workers since the mid-1970s would be strengthened if the author______.
选项
A、described more fully the attitudes of clerical workers toward labor unions
B、compared the organizing strategies employed by private-sector unions with those of public-sector unions
C、explained why politicians and administrators sometimes oppose unionization of clerical workers
D、indicated that the number of unionized public-sector clerical workers was increasing even before the mid-1970s
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3296025.html
相关试题推荐
Everyautumn,retailershirelargenumbersofseasonalworkerstohandlethe
Everyautumn,retailershirelargenumbersofseasonalworkerstohandlethe
Everyautumn,retailershirelargenumbersofseasonalworkerstohandlethe
Everyautumn,retailershirelargenumbersofseasonalworkerstohandlethe
Everyautumn,retailershirelargenumbersofseasonalworkerstohandlethe
Everyautumn,retailershirelargenumbersofseasonalworkerstohandlethe
Everyautumn,retailershirelargenumbersofseasonalworkerstohandlethe
Still,takingtogether,China’seffortsareshapingatechnosystemquitediffer
OfalltheemployedworkersintheUnitedStates,12.5millionarepartofa
OfalltheemployedworkersintheUnitedStates,12.5millionarepartofa
随机试题
A)Reduce,reuse,andrecycle.RecyclinghasbecomeapartofAmericanlife.Ita
下列属于货币危机产生的原因是()A.心理预期带来的投机冲击 B.金融机构危
在SET协议中,默认使用( )对称加密算法。A.IDEA B.RC5
急性阑尾炎最严重的并发症是A.门静脉炎 B.阑尾化脓穿孔腹膜炎 C.阑尾周围
A.阳和汤 B.桃红四物汤 C.四妙勇安汤 D.八珍汤合左归丸 E.十全
为预防蛛网膜下腔出血的患者发生再出血,患者必须绝对卧床休息A.1周 B.2周
下列建筑中,可不计入建筑层数的是()。A.室内顶板面高出室外设计地面的高度为1
A.绝经期综合征 B.痛经 C.回奶 D.再生障碍性贫血 E.子宫内膜腺
乳牙龋病充填治疗中不能用的垫底材料是A.聚羧酸锌粘固粉 B.磷酸锌水门汀 C
防空地下室战时的电力负荷分级中,()是一级负荷。A、中断供电将危及人员的
最新回复
(
0
)