首页
登录
职称英语
From an early age, Grace Mahoney’s life was ruled by fear. She recalls having
From an early age, Grace Mahoney’s life was ruled by fear. She recalls having
游客
2023-12-21
60
管理
问题
From an early age, Grace Mahoney’s life was ruled by fear. She recalls having her first panic attack in nursery school, and "it kind of progressed from there," said Ms. Mahoney, 38, of Jackson Hole, Wyo. The attacks would strike randomly, even waking her up.
She became so frightened of having an attack that she avoided situations where she didn’t have control. "We would visit my uncle in New York who lived on the 39th floor and my father would walk up all 39 flights with me because I wouldn’t get in the elevator," she said.
Ms. Mahoney never told anyone about her distress. "Adults would say, ’Oh, she’s just shy,’ "she said. "But I was scared and depressed." Finally, at age 18, she was diagnosed with panic disorder, a serious anxiety condition.
According to the National Institute of Mental Health, anxiety disorders affect 19.1 million people in the United States, and women have twice the risk as men. Their effects can be devastating. "These disorders cause as much interference in functioning as the most severe chronic physical disorders like pulmonary disease or cardiovascular problems," said David H. Barlow, the director of the Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders at Boston University.
Studies show that these disorders account for billions a year in medical costs. Symptoms can mimic illnesses like heart attacks, and sufferers are three to five times more likely to see doctors and six times more likely to be hospitalized.
Anxiety disorders include panic disorder, which are episodes of intense fear; phobias, which are irrational fears of a place or thing; generalized anxiety disorder, which is chronic worrying; post-traumatic stress disorder, linked to a traumatic event; and obsessive-compulsive disorder, which involves repetitive behavior or disturbing thoughts.
Many disorders overlap. For instance, the fear of having a panic attack can lead to phobias. During a panic attack-- a type of fight-or-flight response, a mechanism that protects us from danger--the autonomic nervous system activates the adrenal glands to produce adrenaline and noradrenaline. Blood rushes to the large muscle groups, the heart beats rapidly, breathing accelerates--giving the person greater abilities to run from or fight a predator. But when there’s nothing to be afraid off, the response itself becomes scary.
Why are women more at risk for these disorders? While no one knows all the reasons, experts say that genes and environment play a large role. "We have genes that predispose us to anxiety," Dr. Barlow said. "Yet many people have these genes and never suffer any untoward consequences. There has to be interaction with learning and environment, so the environment turns on the genes."
Early learning experiences set off these genes, he said. "Despite the advances we’ve made, most girls are not social ized to experience as much mastery and control as boys are."
What about hormones?" They don’t seem to play into the genesis of these disorders as far as we know," Dr. Barlow said.
But hormonal fluctuations may exacerbate anxious symptoms, said Dr. Catherine Bimdorf, director of the Payne Whitney Women’s Program at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital. "It’s the up and down in the menstrual cycle that can lead to disregulation of brain chemistry, which may increase vulnerability."
The encouraging news is that most anxiety disorders are treatable with therapy or medication, or both. The first line of defense is cognitive behavioral therapy, which focuses on changing distorted thinking and confronting painful situations. Medications like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and older tricyclics are commonly prescribed. Benzodiazepines are sometimes used short term but they can be habit forming.
The crucial step is to get help. Anxiety disorders will make your world smaller and smaller, Ms. Ross said. "You start turning down a promotion because you’re afraid to fly, or you start taking roundabout ways to avoid going over a bridge, and then you start avoiding all bridges. Left untreated, these disorders will seep into all areas of your life." [br] According to the passage, the panic disorder_____.
选项
A、causes great physical harm as well
B、will severely influence people’s mental health only
C、more often occurs in men
D、confines a lot of people in their home
答案
A
解析
根据第一段,痛苦经历不仅会给人带来身体伤害,还会损害人的心理和精神,故选择A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3291447.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Themosteffectivepeoplearethesamewhethertheyarchavinga
[originaltext]Themosteffectivepeoplearethesamewhethertheyarchavinga
[originaltext]Themosteffectivepeoplearethesamewhethertheyarehavinga
[originaltext]Themosteffectivepeoplearethesamewhethertheyarehavinga
[originaltext]Themosteffectivepeoplearethesamewhethertheyarehavinga
[originaltext]Themosteffectivepeoplearethesamewhethertheyarehavinga
[originaltext]Afterhavingreviewedallthecandidates’applications,thebank
[originaltext]Afterhavingreviewedallthecandidates’applications,thebank
[originaltext]Afterhavingreviewedallthecandidates’applications,thebank
[originaltext]W:Areyoustillhavingtroublewithyourcar?M:Yes!It’sbeen
随机试题
Readcarefullythefollowingexcerptonintelligentmachine,andthenwrite
对过程的电子化管理和数据初始化的过程中,过程的电子化管理可帮助系统规划与管理师在
根据《网络表演经纪机构管理办法》,网络表演经纪机构发现签约网络表演者所提供的网络
标题一般写在统计表的()。A.左下方 B.右上方 C.左上方 D.正上
男,68岁双侧肾动脉狭窄,有哮喘史,气短、心悸就诊,体征和实验结果为血压172/
关于中国商业银行的流动性风险控制特点描述不正确的是()A.头寸管理是重要的
男性,22岁,右手背部深Ⅱ度烧伤10天,近一天出现乏力、头痛及张口困难,不恰当的
2022年1月16日是2022世界雪日暨国际儿童滑雪节。国际雪联中国青少年滑雪示
下列选项,属于非正式沟通的内容是()。 A.选择非正式的商谈对象B.选择非
甲公司为增值税一般纳税人,2019年8月1日,甲公司购入一台需要安装的
最新回复
(
0
)