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  3. The writing of the Constitution of the United States is an act of such genius

The writing of the Constitution of the United States is an act of such genius

游客2023-12-20  9
问题    The writing of the Constitution of the United States is an act of such genius that philosophers still wonder at its accomplishment and envy its results. Fifty-five typical American citizens met and argued for 127 days during a ferociously hot Philadelphia summer and produced one of the magisterial documents of world history. Al- most without being aware of their great achievement, they fashioned a nearly perfect instrument of government, and I have studied it for nearly 70 years with growing admiration for its utility and astonishment at its capacity to change with a changing world. It is a testament to what a collection of typical free men can achieve.
   I think this is the salient fact about our Constitution. All other nations which were in existence in 1787 have had to alter their form of government in the intervening years. France, Russia and China have undergone momentous revolutions. Stable nations like Sweden and Switzerland have had to change their forms radically. Even Great Britain, most stalwart of nations, has limited sharply the power of its monarch and its House of Lords. Only the United States, adhering to the precepts of its Constitution, has continued with the same form of government. We are not of the younger nations of the world; we are the oldest when it comes to having founded the government which suits it best.
   It is instructive to remember the 55 men who framed this document. Elder statesmen like George Washington and Benjamin Franklin contributed little to the debate but greatly to the stability and inspiration of the convention. Thomas Jefferson, perhaps the most brilliant American of those days, missed the meetings entirely he was on diplomatic duty in France. The hard central work of determining the form of government seems to have been done by a handful of truly great men. James Madison and George Mason of Virginia, Roger Sherman of Connecticut, James Wilson and Gouverneur Morris of Pennsylvania. Alexander Hamilton of New York did not speak much but did exert considerable influence.
   The 55 contained a college president, a banker, a merchant, a great reaches of lawyer, a judge, a mayor, a clergyman, a state governor and a surgeon. One-sixth of the members were foreign born. Two were graduates of Oxford University, one of St. Andrews in Scotland. But the group also contained some real nonentities, in- eluding a military man who had been court-martialed for cowardice during the Revolution, some who contributed nothing to the debate, and some who were not quite able to follow what was being debated.
   What this mix of men did was create a miracle in which every American should take pride. Their decision to divide the power of the government into three parts--Legislative, Executive, Judicial--was a master stroke, as was the clever way in which they protected the interests of small states by giving each state two Senators, regardless of population, and the interest of large states by apportioning the House of Representatives according to population.
   But I think they should be praised mostly because they attended to those profound principles by which free men have through the centuries endeavored to govern themselves. The accumulated wisdom of making speaks in this Constitution. [br] Which of the following statements about the 55 men framing the Constitution is TRUE?
选项 A、Alexander Hamilton was not among them.
B、All of them were famous.
C、All of them contributed much to the framing.
D、George Washington and Benjamin Franklin were among them.
答案 D
解析 事实细节题。本题选项较有迷惑性，不过答案仍可从文章第三、四段找到。由第三段最后一句可知A项是不正确的。由第四段第一句可知这55人中有校长、银行家、商人可知B项不正确。由But the group also contained some real nonentities可以排除C项。由George Washington and Benjamin Franklin contributed little to the debate but greatly to the stability and inspiration of the convention．可知D项正确。
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