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William Faulkner
   William Faulkner grew up in Oxford, Miss, the great - grandson of William C. Faulkner and a member of a family like that of the sartoris clan in his novels centered on "Jefferson" in his mythical Yoknapatawpha County. After desultory education he joined the British Royal Air Force in Canada because he was too slight for U. S. requirements, but World War I ended before he was commissioned or saw serve ice beyond training. Following the war he took some courses at the University of Mississippi and published The Marble Fawn (1924), pastoral poems. Drifting to New Orleans, where he worked on a newspaper and also wrote the fiction collected in New Orleans Sketches (1958), he met Sherwood Anderson, who helped him publish Soldiers Pay is first novel, about the homecoming of a dying soldier, in the vein of the "Lost Generation."
   Following a brief stay in Europe, he issued Mosquitoes (1927) ,a satirical novel set in New Orleans, late the site of his minor novel Pylon (1935).
   With the publication of Sartoris (1929 ), he found his own themes and setting, for it is the first novel in his long, loosely constructed Yoknapatawpha saga, whose themes include the decline of the Compson, Sartoris, Benbow, and Mc-Caslin families, representatives of the Old South, and the rise of the unscrupulous Snopes family, which displaces them. The life of the region is treated from the days of Indian possession, through the pre - Civil War era, down - to modern times. The saga of macabre violence and antic comedy is written in a sensitive but often baroque style and depicts its region as a microcosm in which its subjects often achieve mythic proportions. Of all his novels, there are still some which have been receiving critical recognition.
   The Sound and the Fury (1-929) introduces the significant but decadent Compson family in a remarkably structured story. As I lay Dying (1930) reveals the psychological relationships of a subnormal poor - white family on a pilgrimage to bury their mother. Sanctuary (1931) is a sadistic horror story, ostensibly written to make’ money but carefully re- worked before publication as a serious novel. Light in August (1932) is a more balanced contrast of positive and negative tones of life in it presentation of violent adventure involved in the relations between men and women, black and white.
   Absalom, Absalom! (1936), set in early 19th - century, Jefferson shows the tragic downfall of the dynastic desires of the planter Colonel Sutpen. The Hamlet (1940), along with two later novels, The Town (1957) and The Mansion (1960), is collectively known as the "Snopes Trilogy."
   A Fable(1954) wins Pulitzer Prize, and it is a lengthy parable of the Passion of Christ set in a framework of false armistice and actual mutiny in World War I. The Reivers (1962), published just before the authors death, is an amusing fictive a "reminiscence" of a boy’ s various misadventures in 1905 ,and it also wins Pulitzer Prize.
   Apart from the creation of long morels, Faulkner often used short stories to fill gaps in the historical development of Yoknapatawpha County. These 13 ( 1931 ), five volumes of short stories, includes many of his famous short story collections read widely even today. Go Down: Moses(1942) is another short story collection that can also be considered as’ a novel, with a thematic unity binding the separate sections of the work.
   During the 1930s he was off and on in Hollywood as a script writer, but his works for film are not accounted as being of much consequence Critical news stated while teaching in Japan, at the university of Virginia, and at West Point appear in Faulkner at Nagano(1956). Faulkner in the university (1959), and Faulknerat West Point(1964). For his literary accomplishments Faulkner was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1950 and in acceptance made a brief but important statement about his belief "that man will not merely endure: he will prevail.., because he has a soul, a spirit capable of compassion and sacrifice and endurance and "the writer’ s duty is to write about these things.., to help man endure by lifting his heart, by reminding him of the courage and honor and hope and pride and compassion and pity and sacrifice which have been the glory of..."
   On the whole, the vast body of work created by William Faulkner is distinctly American, yet reflects, on a grander scale, the universal values of human life. And that Fanlkner attemptes such large human themes with so much literary imagination and craft in a historical period of skepticism and dimution may explain in large measure why the general publie can recognize his fiction for such a long time and even for ever.