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  3. Clinicians at a recent psychoanalytic conference brought forth interesting ev

Clinicians at a recent psychoanalytic conference brought forth interesting ev

游客2023-12-20  54
问题    Clinicians at a recent psychoanalytic conference brought forth interesting evidence that guilt, far from being the psychic impediment generally conceived, has the potential to inspire creativity, and enhance sensitivity.
   Tests of prison inmates have shown significantly low scores on guilt scales, measured by psychologist  researcher Donald L. Mosher. The Mosher scales measure the tendency to feel guilt in three forms: sex guilt, hostility guilt, and general guilt, called morality conscience. Prisoners who had committed sex crimes scored low on sex guilt; those who were imprisoned for violent crimes scored low on hostility guilt; those incarcerated for crimes against property scored low on morality conscience.
   Other studies conducted in the armed forces corroborate the findings that men accused of brutality to ward those they command feel little or no sense of remorse or guilt, but tend to defend vigorously the "correctness "of their actions.
   That guilt can be a lonely and lacerating burden, as has long been known. The ancient Greeks under stood the redemptive feelings and cathartic benefits of watching the tragic hero, struggle with guilt. Hamlet plots to "catch the conscience of the King. "O’ Neill re - creates the ancient themes and adds to them con temporary guilts. The Judeo - Christian ethic transmits this heavy burden, commencing with" original sin" and continuing with the need ’for confession and atonement.
   Although in the past many psychoanalysts, joined by a recent spate of authors, seem to have been dedicated to eliminating the sense of guilt, some clinicians hold that guilt is the necessary price for socialization.
   Still others agree with Dr. Karl Menninger in the value of appropriate, or rational, guilt, and feel that a prime objective of therapeutic intervention should be to help the patient differentiate between guilt feelings hat ate unwarranted and unfounded, based perhaps on distorted perceptions of past occurrences, and those which are well - founded responses to real situations. The child, it is felt, should not be made to feel guilty a lout exploring his body, just as the adult should not be ashamed of his or her sexuality. But this freedom must not be viewed as license. When the individual’ s desires or needs can be fulfilled without coming into conflict with societal needs, the albatross of guilt can be shed.
   It is this new approach, this compromise, which we find surfacing in twentieth - century literature. Hterzog and Willy Loman battle their needless guilt, and their experiences help us all to cope. [br] A point that the passage emphasizes concerning guilt is, by inference, that______.
选项 A、guilt serves to punish the person who commits offense against individuals or society
B、some people never suffer from feelings of guilt
C、unfortunately, many people who have been judged guilty of offenses against society do not recognize their acts as being wrong
D、crimes against property should not arouse guilt feelings in the perpetrator
答案 C
解析 从文章的第二段和第三段可以看出犯罪的人对自己所犯罪并不那么有负罪感，故选C。而B却言过其辞。
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