首页
登录
职称英语
President Bush has proposed adding optional personal accounts as one of the c
President Bush has proposed adding optional personal accounts as one of the c
游客
2023-12-19
22
管理
问题
President Bush has proposed adding optional personal accounts as one of the central elements of a major Social Security reform proposal. Although many details remain to be worked out, the proposal would allow individuals who choose to do so to divert part of the money they currently pay in Social Security taxes into individual investment accounts. Individuals would have a Choice of fund managers, and the return that they earn from those accounts would then partially determine the Social Security benefit they receive when they retire.
Individual accounts pose a number of important and complex design and implementation issues, including how to lower the cost of administering accounts so that they do not erode the value of pensions that individuals receive when they retire, how many and what kinds of fund choices should be offered, and how to engage workers in choosing funds.
In the late 1990s, Sweden added a mandatory individual accounts tier to its public pension system. This policy brief examines the Swedish experience and lessons it suggests for the United States about the design and implementation challenges of individual accounts.
Sweden has one of the oldest and most comprehensive public pension systems in the world. But by the 1980s, several problems with the system were becoming evident, including current funding deficits and a very large projected funding shortfall as Sweden’s population, which is among the oldest in the world, continued to age.
Between 1991 and 1998, Sweden adopted a new pension system built on three fundamental elements. A new "income pension" is intended to tie pension benefits more closely to contributions made over the entire course of an individual’s working life, while lowering the overall cost of the system; it is financed entirely by a 16 percent payroll tax. A "guarantee pension" provides minimum income support for workers with low lifetime earnings. It is financed entirely by general government revenues and is income-tested against other public pension income.
The third element is a "premium pension" financed by a 2.5 percent payroll tax. These funds are placed in an individual investment account. Individuals have a wide variety of fund choices. To lower administrative Costs; and the administrative burden on employers, collection of premium pension contributions and fund choices are centrally administered by a new government agency, the Premium Pension Authority. Deposits into pension funds are made only once a year, after complete wage records for a calendar year are available from the state tax authorities. Employees choose up to five funds from a list of funds approved by the PPA. Swedes can change their fund allocations as often as they want without charge, but the system is not designed to facilitate "day trading"-- switching funds often takes several days.
The new pension system’s planners recognized that many workers might not make an active pension fund choice. They created a Seventh Swedish National Pension Fund to offer a default fund, called the Premium Savings Fund, for those who do not choose a fund or simply prefer to have the government invest for them. [br] The Premium Pension Authority ______.
选项
A、provides several funds for employees to choose
B、is a non-governmental agency
C、pays the pension for people
D、centrally administers premium pension contributions and fund choices
答案
D
解析
倒数第二段讲到PPA批准了一些基金,雇主可以从中选取五种,而非雇员,所以答案A错误; PPA是一个新成立的政府机构,而不是非政府性质的,所以B错误:PPA主要是为人们提供一种养老金的管理途径,并不负责支付养老金,所以不能选C;答案D可从倒数第二段中找到。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3288166.html
相关试题推荐
U.S.presidentsnormallyservea(n)______term.A、two-yearB、four-yearC、six-yea
PresidentMohammadAbbashasbeengiventheauthoritytobypassparliamentbecau
Thetheoryofuniversalgrammarwasproposedby______.A、NoamChomskyB、FirthC、
WhenSecretaryofStateCondoleezzaRicestoodbesideAfghanPresidentHamid
WhatcanyoulearnaboutBush’sproposalofaddingoptionalpersonalaccounts?[
PresidentBushhasproposedaddingoptionalpersonalaccountsasoneofthe
Thedigitalrevolutioninconsumerelectronics,includingpersonalcomputerg
Thedigitalrevolutioninconsumerelectronics,includingpersonalcomputerg
Thedigitalrevolutioninconsumerelectronics,includingpersonalcomputerg
______USsoldiershavebeenkilledinIraqsincePresidentBushdeclaredthatm
随机试题
Whendidpeoplebeginridinganewkindofbike?______.[br][originaltext]
Whatisthesourceofeachonebelowinthissurvey?ChooseFOURanswersfromth
[originaltext]W:ThereisnewdataouttodaythatconfirmsthatmanyAmericans
工程监理人员发现工程设计不符合建筑工程质量标准或合同约定质量要求的( )。A.
2011年上半年,全国电信业务总量累计完成5681.1亿元,比上年同期增长15.
在应用风险模型制定审计计划时,CAE最应考虑的因素是:A.上次审计的结果 B.
对于理财顾问服务,下列理解不正确的是( )。?A.在理财顾问服务中,银行向客户
患者,女性,42岁,颅脑损伤。昏迷,生命体征极不平稳,体温39.5℃,在监护室内
A.人参皂苷C型B.人参三醇C.齐墩果酸D.甘草皂苷E.柴胡皂苷的原皂苷元以上酸
一男婴,营养状况良好,头围46cm,前囟0.5cm,身长75cm。最可能的月龄是
最新回复
(
0
)