首页
登录
职称英语
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work-has a revolutionary e
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work-has a revolutionary e
游客
2023-12-18
35
管理
问题
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work-has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the new machines and on the society into which the machines have been introduced. For example, it has been suggested that the employment of women in industry took them out of the household, their traditional sphere, and fundamentally altered their position in society. In the nineteenth century, when women began to enter factories, Jules Simon, a French politician, warned that by doing so, women would give up their femininity. Friedrich Engels, however, predicted that women would be liberated from the "social, legal, and economic subordination" of the family by technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole female sex ... into public industry." Observers thus differed concerning the social desirability of mechanization’s effects, but they agreed that it would transform women’s lives.
Historians, particularly those investigating the history of women, now seriously question this assumption Of transforming power. They conclude that such dramatic technological innovations as the spinning jenny, the sewing machine, the typewriter, and the vacuum cleaner have not resulted in equally dramatic social changes in women’s economic position or in the prevailing evaluation of women’s work. The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial Revolution was largely an extension of an older pattern of employment of young, single women as domestics. It was not the change in office technology, but rather the separation of secretarial work, previously seen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers, from administrative work that in the 1880’s created a new class of "dead-end" jobs, thenceforth considered "women’s work." The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire.
Women’s work has changed considerably in the past 200 years, moving from the household to the office or the factory, and later becoming mostly white-collar instead of blue-collar work. Fundamentally, however, the conditions under which women work have changed little since before the Industrial Revolution: the segregation of occupations by gender, lower pay for women as a group, jobs that require relatively low levels of skill and offer women little opportunity for advancement all persist, while women’s household labor remains demanding. Recent historical investigation has led to a major revision of the notion that technology is always inherently revolutionary in its effects on society. Mechanization may even have slowed, any change in the traditional position of women both in the labor market and in the home. [br] It can be inferred from the passage that, before the Industrial Revolution, most women worked in______.
选项
A、textile mills
B、private households
C、Offices
D、schools
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3284193.html
相关试题推荐
______frequentlyappliedconceitsinhispoems.A、SpenserB、DonneC、BlakeD、Thoma
Morethanjustarevolutionarytoolforindexing,analyzing,ortransmitting
Morethanjustarevolutionarytoolforindexing,analyzing,ortransmitting
Morethanjustarevolutionarytoolforindexing,analyzing,ortransmitting
Itisfrequentlyassumedthatthemechanizationofwork-hasarevolutionarye
Itisfrequentlyassumedthatthemechanizationofworkhasarevolutionarye
Itisfrequentlyassumedthatthemechanizationofworkhasarevolutionarye
Itisfrequentlyassumedthatthemechanizationofworkhasarevolutionarye
Itisfrequentlyassumedthatthemechanizationofworkhasarevolutionarye
Itisfrequentlyassumedthatthemechanizationofworkhasarevolutionarye
随机试题
(1)Thefoxreallyexasperatedthemboth.Assoonastheyhadletthefowlso
AndrewWright’sworkcoversthefollowingEXCEPT[originaltext]W:Goodevening.
在沥青混合料拌和站取10-20mm和5-10mm粗集料进行网篮法测定集料密度,请
关于光缆的特点说法正确的是() A、传输损耗大 B、传输容量大 C
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性: A.如
该公文在内容和格式上存在一些问题,下列修改恰当的是:() A.“国发(20
已知下列反应的平衡常数: 则K1与K2的关系为( )。
A.E级高危药品 B.D级高危药品 C.C级高危药品 D.B级高危药品
(2017年真题)思达集团原是一家房地产企业。2016年,思达集团以银行贷款为
某体育场设有照明设施和管理用房,其场地灯光布置采用四塔照明方式,其中灯塔位置如下
最新回复
(
0
)