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  3. There are at least three ways to promote more effective use of the earth’s re

There are at least three ways to promote more effective use of the earth’s re

游客2023-12-18  59
问题    There are at least three ways to promote more effective use of the earth’s resources for food: cultivate the oceans, develop higher-protein cereals, and increase the palatability of rarely consumed foods.
   At first glance, increased reliance on food from the oceans is an attractive alternative. Although they cover about three-fourths of the earth’s surface and lie near most population concentrations, oceans historically have provided a relatively small percentage of world food supply. Approximately two-thirds of the fish caught from the ocean is consumed directly, while the remainder is converted to fish meal and fed to poultry and hogs.
   Hopes were raised during the 1950s and 1960s that increased fish consumption could meet the needs of a rapidly growing global population. Between approximately 1945:and 1970, fish consumption did increase faster than the rate of world population growth and exceeded beef as a source of animal protein. But since 1970 the world fish catch has increased more slowly and in some years has actually declined.
   Over fishing has caused the lack of growth in the number of fish caught. The population of some fish species has declined because they have been caught at a more rapid rate than they can reproduce. Over fishing has been particularly acute in the North Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
   To protect fishing areas, several countries have claimed control of the oceans beyond the long-accepted 3 nautical miles. Peru and Ecuador have declared a 200-mile off-shore limit in the Pacific, while Iceland has established a 50-mile jurisdiction in the North Atlantic. These countries seized foreign fishing boats that ignore the extended boundary claims.           
   Peru has been especially sensitive to the over fishing problem after the country’s catch of anchovies, its most important fish , declined by more than 75 percent between 1970 and 1973. To prevent further overfishing, the government nationalized its fish meal production industry, but the Peruvian experience demonstrates that the ocean is not limitless source of fish.
   Increased use of fish for food may depend on the development of fish farming, rather than fishing in the ocean. Fish farming accounts for approximately 6 percent of the world’s total fish catch, but 40 percent of China’s fish is raised on farms. India and the Soviet Union rank behind China as the second and third leading countries for fish farming. In the United States, only catfish and trout are produced in any quantity on farms. [br] According to the passage, China set a good example in ______.
选项 A、increasing food supply by fish farming
B、regulating off-shore fishing
C、imposing quotas on the quantity of fish annually caught
D、decreasing fish consumption in order to protect ocean resources
答案 A
解析
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