首页
登录
职称英语
American culture is defined by rather gradual movements from one stage of soc
American culture is defined by rather gradual movements from one stage of soc
游客
2023-12-17
54
管理
问题
American culture is defined by rather gradual movements from one stage of socialization to the next. The lifelong socialization process involves many different social forces which influence our lives and alter our self-images.
Family The family is the institution most closely associated with the process of socialization. Obviously, one of its primary functions is the care and rearing of children. We experience socialization first as babies and infants living in families; it is here that we develop an initial sense of self. Most parents seek to help their children become competent adolescents and self-sufficient adults, which means socializing them into the norms and values of both the family and the larger society.
The development of the self is a critical aspect of the early years of one’s life. In the United States, such social development includes exposure to cultural assumptions regarding sex differences. The term "gender roles" refers to expectations regarding the proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males and females. As the primary agents of childhood socialization, parents play a critical role in guiding children into those gender roles deemed appropriate in a society. Other adults, older siblings, the mass media, and religious and educational institutions also have noticeable impact on a child’s socialization into feminine and masculine norms. Differential treatment of children by adults is an influential aspect of gender-role socialization. Let us consider a hypothetical example of differential treatment of children which begins in the family. Ron and Louise are twins who both show an unusual interest in science at an early age. For his birthdays, Ron is given chemistry sets, telescopes, microscopes, and the likes however, despite asking for similar gifts, Louise is given miniature dollhouses, beautiful dresses, and dancing lessons.
When the twins are in junior high school, teachers take note of Ron’s love for science. They encourage him to do special projects, to help with their laboratory work, and to join the science club. Louise is given no such encouragements in fact, one teacher considers her fascination with astronomy "strange" for a girl. By the twins’ high school years, Ron is well known as a "science whiz". The guidance counselor suggests that he attend a college with a strong science program in order to achieve his goal of becoming a biologist. Louise has realized that she would like to become an astronomer, but the counselor and her parents pressure her into preparing for a career as an early childhood teacher —a career which they see as more suitable for a woman.
During their college years, Ron and Louise might develop self- images as "scientist" and "teacher", respectively. On the other hand, Louise might get to college, switch her major, and become an astronomer despite everyone’s opposition. Neither of these young people is a passive actor who will inevitably follow the traditional gender roles of American society. Yet it can be extremely difficult to pursue a career, or any other type of life choice, if one’s parents, teachers, and the society as a whole seem to be telling you that you are unmasculine or feminine for doing so. Without question, differential socialization has a powerful impact on the development of American females and males.
Like other elements of culture, socialization patterns are not fixed. There has, for example, been a sustained challenge to traditional American gender-role socialization in the last 15 years, owing in good part to the efforts of the feminist movement. Nevertheless, despite such changes, children growing up in the 1980s are hardly free of traditional gender roles. [br] As can be inferred from the passage, gender-role socialization patterns ______ in the United States.
选项
A、have changed dramatically
B、have remained unchanged
C、have been largely overlooked
D、have been affected by the feminist movement
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3280301.html
相关试题推荐
SteveandYaserfirstmetintheirchemistryclassofanAmericanuniversity
SteveandYaserfirstmetintheirchemistryclassofanAmericanuniversity
SteveandYaserfirstmetintheirchemistryclassofanAmericanuniversity
SteveandYaserfirstmetintheirchemistryclassofanAmericanuniversity
SteveandYaserfirstmetintheirchemistryclassofanAmericanuniversity
[originaltext]Host:AtFriday’sannualmeetingoftheAmericanEconomicAssoci
TheHistoryofAmericanIndiansWhenEuropeansdiscoveredthe
TheHistoryofAmericanIndiansWhenEuropeansdiscoveredthe
TheHistoryofAmericanIndiansWhenEuropeansdiscoveredthe
TheHistoryofAmericanIndiansWhenEuropeansdiscoveredthe
随机试题
我又来到了这里,在一条寂静无人的山谷里独坐,看一只鸟落在水牛背上,举目四顾,看溪水在幽暗的斜树下潜涌而出,又在一片广阔的卵石滩上四分五裂,抖落出闪闪的光
CaracashasbeencalledtheLosAnglesofSouthAmerica;at______theyLookexa
Theneedforsolarelectricityisclear.Itissafe,ecologicallysound,eff
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteaspeechonsavingwaterreso
借款人归还商业助学贷款是从其离校后次()开始。A.日 B.季 C.年
(2016年)下列专题地图表示方法中,可用于编制人口分布地图的有()。A
房屋的租赁方式主要有房屋出租和()。A:房屋承租 B:房屋转租 C:房屋合租
Thechangeinthatvillagewasmiraculou
最新回复
(
0
)