首页
登录
职称英语
Teachers and other specialists in early childhood education recognize that chi
Teachers and other specialists in early childhood education recognize that chi
游客
2023-12-16
13
管理
问题
Teachers and other specialists in early childhood education recognize that children develop at different rates. Given anything that resembles a well-rounded life — with adults and other children to listen to, talk to, do things with — their minds will acquire naturally all the skills required for further learning.
Take for example, reading. The two strongest predictors of whether children will learn to read easily and well at school are whether they have learned the names and the sounds of letters of the alphabet before they start school. That may seem to imply that letter names and sounds should be deliberately taught to young children, because these skills will not happen naturally.
But in all the research programs where they have done just that — instructed children, rehearsed the names and sounds over and over — the results are disappointing. The widely accepted explanation is that knowledge of the alphabet for it to work in helping one to read, has to be deeply embedded in the child’s mind. That comes from years of exposure and familiarity with letters, from being read to, from playing with magnetic letters, drawing and fiddling with computers.
So parents can do some things to help, although many do these things spontaneously. Instead of reading a story straight through, the reader should pause every so often and ask questions but not questions which can be answered by a yes or no. Extend their answers, suggest alternative possibilities and pose progressively more challenging questions.
And with arithmetic do not explicitly sit down and teach children about numbers, but all those early years count when walking up steps. Recite nursery rhymes. Talk to children. Say this is a led apple, thru is a green one. Please get three eggs out of the fridge for me
The technical term in vogue for this subtle structuring of children’s early learning is "scaffolding". Based on recent extensions of the work of the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky the idea is that there are things a child may be almost ready to do. Anna, for example, cannot tie a shoelace by herself, but if an adult or a competent child forms one of the loops for her, she will soon learn to do the rest. Applying this concept to older children, one wonderful teacher has her children keep lists of "Words I can Almost Spell".
While this has all the hallmarks of common sense, it represents a significant change of emphasis from the idea of Piaget, which have dominated the theory of early childhood learning. The child in Piaget’s theory looks, more than anything, like a little scientist — exploring the environment, observing, experimenting, thinking and slowly coming to his or her conclusions about how the world works. The image is of a rather solitary pursuit with all the real action in the child’s head.
The Vygotsky model re-introduces all the people who also inhabit the child’s world — parents, care-givers, relatives, siblings and all those other children at play or school. They are not simply noise, clattering in the background while the child’s developing mind struggles on its own. The cognitive development of the child, that is, the learning of colors or numbers or letters — depends on learning how to interact socially, how to learn from the people (as well as the things) in the environment.
What is important is that the child develops the range of social skills — being able to express a preference, knowing how to take rums, being able to stand up for themselves, being able to get into a group, being able to make decisions, being able to share, having confidence to go off on their own. These all require careful nurturing. No one is telling parents not to think about their children’ s development
It is just that it is more important to think about a child’s desire to chat and the importance of social behavior and play activity, than the actually more trivial markers of intellectual achievement such as being the first kid in the group to cut a circle that looks like a circle. [br] Vygotsky’ s theory is different from Piaget’s in that the former mom emphasizes on the child’s ______.
选项
A、exploration
B、achievement
C、interaction
D、nurturing
答案
C
解析
第八段的最后一句话总结时提到了Interact这个词,所以选C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3277396.html
相关试题推荐
Somewhereinourearlyeducationwebecomeaddictedtothenotionthatpain
Realpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhat
Realpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhat
InmyearlychildhoodIreceivednoformalreligiouseducation.Idid,ofcou
Foraclearerpictureofwhatthestudentknows,mostofteachersuse【M
Foraclearerpictureofwhatthestudentknows,mostofteachersuse【M
Foraclearerpictureofwhatthestudentknows,mostofteachersuse【M
Foraclearerpictureofwhatthestudentknows,mostofteachersuse【M
Foraclearerpictureofwhatthestudentknows,mostofteachersuse【M
Thousandsofteachersattheelementary,secondary,andcollegelevelscante
随机试题
在Word2003编辑状态下,若要将另一个文档的内容全部添加到当前文档的光标所
患儿男,1岁3个月,因高热2天、惊厥2次入院。体检:嗜睡状,颈项强直,克氏征(+
痛风关节炎A.男性青壮年 B.老年男性 C.育龄妇女 D.青少年
期货公司的功能主要体现为()。A、期货公司作为衔接场外期货交易者与期货交易所之
属于原发性肝癌主要病因的是A.长期不洁饮食 B.黄曲霉毒素 C.酒精中毒
与一般合同相比,行政机关对招标采购合同的监督的特殊性体现在()。A、招标文件涉及
观光农业:也叫旅游农业,是农事活动与旅游相结合的农业发展形式,利用农村的自然风光
下列选项中不属于个人理财规划内容的是()。A.退休养老规划 B.健身规划 C
商业银行负债主要由存款和借款构成。
关于正当防卫的论述,下列哪一选项是正确的是:A.动物的侵袭由于不能算作“不法侵害
最新回复
(
0
)