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Competition considered as the main thing in life is too grim Ion tenacious to
Competition considered as the main thing in life is too grim Ion tenacious to
游客
2023-12-15
35
管理
问题
Competition considered as the main thing in life is too grim Ion tenacious too much a matter of taut muscles and intent will to make a possible basis of life for more than one or two generations at most Alter that length of time it must produce nervous fatigue various phenomena of escape a pursuit of pleasure as tense and as difficult as work (since relaxing has become impossible), and in the end a disappearance of the stock through sterility. It is not only work that is poisoned by the philosophy of competition; leisure is poisoned just as much. The kind of leisure which is quiet and restoring to the nerves comes to be felt boring. There is bound to be continual acceleration of which the natural termination would be drugs and collapse. The cure for this lies in admitting the part of sane and quiet enjoyment in a balanced ideal of life.
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答案
竞争如果被当作生活的主要内容,就会过于残忍、过于顽固、过于引发肌肉紧绷和意志集中,因 此,在最多一或两代后,它就不再能够成为生活的基础。那段时间之后,它一定会产生疲劳、产生各 种逃避现象、产生对享乐如同对工作般的紧张而艰难的追求(因为放松变得不可能),最后导致种族 由于不孕而消失。不仅是工作受到竞争哲学的毒害;休闲也受到同样程度的毒害。那种安静和对神 经具备恢复性的休闲变得让人感到无聊。加速运转肯定会持续,其自然结果是药物和崩溃。治愈方 在于,在“保持生活平衡”的观念之下,接受健全而宁静的那部分乐趣。
解析
本段文字是具有哲学性的议论小段,逻辑性很强,字句之间的结构和连接都是十分严谨的。翻译的时候要适当增减一些字句,以求意思到位。某些结构也是可以变化和调整的,例如名词结构的短语“too much a matter of taut muscles and intent will”翻译成中文时,译成了动宾结构“过于引发肌肉紧绷和意志集中”,更有利于行文和理解。
本段选自英国著名哲学家、数学家、逻辑学家伯兰特-罗素(Bertrand Russell,1872—1970)的作品《论竞争》(Competition)。罗素一生有很多哲理性探讨的文章,这是其中的一篇。因为是哲学性话题,所以语言相对比较难懂,翻译起来比较困难。
1.第一句很长,逻辑关系也比较复杂,捋清关系之后,翻译时要适当添加一些成分,使句子通顺。“如果”和“因此”这两连词的增加,使译文句子的逻辑关系更加明了了,也把句子恰当地断开来。
2.第二句中,“produce”是“产生”的意思。“produce nervous fatigue,various phenomena of escape,a pursuit of pleasures”中几个并列宾语直接译出即可,“产生疲劳、产生各种逃避现象、产生对享乐的追求”。“pursuit”一词在句子中还有一串后置的定语修饰,“as tense and as difficult as work”,译文中换成前置的修饰语“如同对工作般的紧张而艰难的追求”。“stock”原意指“家畜”的意思,这里指“人类”,“through sterility”这里翻译成“由于不孕”,不能翻译成“通过不孕”,否则意思就变了。
3.第三句,相对简单些,句子没那么长,两个分句组成,直接译出即可。注意“just as much”指“同样程度地”。
4.第四句,定语从句译成形容词做定语放到名词主语前面。“Tile kind of leisure which is quiet and restoring to the nerves”译为“那种安静和对神经具备恢复性的休闲”。“be felt boring”意思是“让人感到无聊”。
5.第五句中,“is bound to”表示“一定,肯定”的意思。“There is bound to be continual acceleration”译成“加速运转肯定会持续”。
6.最后一句中,“lies in”用“存在于”表示。句末状语“in a balanced ideal of life”在译文中提到谓语前更符合汉语将重点放在后面的表达特点。
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