首页
登录
职称英语
Only recently has biology begun to see itself as an information technology.
Only recently has biology begun to see itself as an information technology.
游客
2023-12-15
10
管理
问题
Only recently has biology begun to see itself as an information technology. An organism’s physiology and behavior are dictated largely by its genes. And those genes contain information written in code that is surprisingly similar to the digital code that computer scientists have devised for the storage and transmission of other information.
There are some differences, of Course. The genetic code has four elements (known as bases or letters), while a computer’s binary code has only two. And the bases of genetic code are grouped together in threes rather than in the eight-bit bytes of computing. But the similarities are so striking that biology is suddenly undergoing a serious amount of computerization. At the same time, there has been rapid progress in the machines that supply the raw material for the computer - the sequences of genetic bases to be analyzed. A single gene-sequencing machine can now read hundreds of thousands of bases per day; and newer technologies, such as "gene chips", should produce even more data to be stored and annotated for subsequent study.
The result is a mind-boggling amount of information. A genetics laboratory can easily produce 100 gigabytes of data a day--that is about 20,000 times the volume of data in the complete works of Shakespeare or J. S. Bach. The analysis of such data poses problems beyond mere volume control. Computer programs must analyze what constitutes a biologically meaningful relationship between a newly discovered sequence of DNA and existing sequences stored in a central database. Programming a computer for such tasks requires both extensive knowledge of computing theory and a keen biological intuition.
And there’s the rub. The real problem about the growing quantification of biology is not the change in the subject but the lack of change in its practitioners. For a sudden in pouring of data is not unique to biology .Astronomers must now deal with squillions of bits of data from automatic sky surveys; particle physicists would not have the first idea of what was going on in their machines if the results of their experiments were not processed automatically. Yet neither of these fields seems to be suffering unduly from information overload because the physical sciences are founded on number crunching. Many biologists, however, avoided the fields of astronomy or particle physics because they have, in the delicately chosen words of Sylvia Spengler of the Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics in California, "some problem with mathematics." The result is that there is a desperate shortage of specialists capable of developing the tools that biologists need. What is required is genuinely new kind of scientist who is trained both in computer science and biology. It used to be said that the physicists got all the research money. Now, however, it is the biologists’ budgets that are growing. But there is a price. As biology becomes numerically rigorous, its practitioners have no choice but to do the same. [br] According to the author, what is the central problem facing biological researchers today?
选项
A、A shortage of research funds.
B、A reluctance to acquire advanced mathematical skills.
C、An insufficient knowledge of computer languages.
D、An unwillingness to work cooperatively with mathematicians.
答案
C
解析
文章最后一段第五句中Sylvia Spengler说“Many biologists,however, avoided the field of…because they have some problem with mathematics”,接着说“The result is that there is a desperate shortage of specialists…need.What is required is genuinely new kind of scientist who is trained both in computer science and biology”,由此可以看出C是答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3275864.html
相关试题推荐
Cheatinginsportisasoldassportitself.TheathletesofancientGreeceus
Cheatinginsportisasoldassportitself.TheathletesofancientGreeceus
Irecentlytookcareofa50-year-oldmanwhohadbeenadmittedtothehospita
Irecentlytookcareofa50-year-oldmanwhohadbeenadmittedtothehospita
CampaigningontheIndianfrontierisanexperiencebyitself.Neitherthelan
CampaigningontheIndianfrontierisanexperiencebyitself.Neitherthelan
CampaigningontheIndianfrontierisanexperiencebyitself.Neitherthelan
CampaigningontheIndianfrontierisanexperiencebyitself.Neitherthelan
Inaccordancewiththemissionithassetitselftofurtherthedevelopmentof
Inaccordancewiththemissionithassetitselftofurtherthedevelopmentof
随机试题
Completethesummarybelow.ChooseNOMORETHANTWOWORDSfromthepassagefore
Theadditionalworkwilltake______weeks.(2011年考试真题)A、theotherB、anothertwoC
DietingadvisorDr.RobertAtkinsrecommendseatingadiethighinproteinf
下图所示的防火墙结构属于() A.简单的双宿主主机结构 B.单DMZ防火墙
下面有关for循环的正确描述是A.for循环只能用于循环次数已经确定的情况 B
医院消毒不能A.预防和控制传染病传播 B.预防和控制医源性感染 C.预防和控
从2名男同学,2名女同学中选两人参加体能测试,则选到的两名同学至少有一名男生的概
Ⅲ型高脂蛋白血症A.LDL增加B.VLDL增加C.IDL增加D.CM增加E.血清
劳动卫生一般包括()A.工业生产卫生 B.医疗预防 C.健康检查技术 D
(2016年真题)呈扁平卵形,前端较狭,后端较宽,背后紫褐色,有光泽,无翅的药材
最新回复
(
0
)