首页
登录
职称英语
"What’s done cannot be undone," moaned Lady Macbeth in her famous sleepwalki
"What’s done cannot be undone," moaned Lady Macbeth in her famous sleepwalki
游客
2023-12-14
35
管理
问题
"What’s done cannot be undone," moaned Lady Macbeth in her famous sleepwalking scene. If she woke up in the 21st century, she would be pleased to discover that whatever can be done can be undone, too.
Or perhaps it just seems that way in the new social spaces we are carving for ourselves online. On popular web sites devoted to social networking, innovative verbs have been springing up to describe equally innovative forms of interactions: you can friend someone on Facebook; follow a fellow user on Twitter; or favorite a video on YouTube. Change your mind? You can just as easily unfriend, unfollow or unfavorite with a click of the mouse.
The recent un-trend has also seeped into the world of advertising. KFC is marketing its new Kentucky Grilled Chicken with the tagline "UNthink: Taste the UNfried Side of KFC." The cellphone company MetroPCS challenges you to "Unlimit Yourself," while its competitor Boost Mobile wants you to get "UNoverage’D" and "UNcontract’D" (ridding yourself of burdensome overage fees and contracts). Even victims of the financial downturn can seek solace in un-: ABC broadcast a special report in May telling viewers how to get "Un-Broke."
Where did all of this un- activity come from? Ever since Old English, the un- prefix has come in two basic flavors. It can be used like the word "not" to negate adjectives (unkind, uncertain, unfair) and the occasional noun (unreason, unrest, unemployment). Or it can attach to a verb to indicate the reversal of an action (unbend, unfasten, unmask). Both kinds of un-are ripe for creating new words. The negative variety of the prefix has been particularly fertile for spinning off nouns, at least since 7-Up first branded itself as the "Un-Cola" in the late 1960s. In the business world we now find unconferences and unmarketing, predicated on the notion that we need to rethink traditional models of conferences and marketing. And beware of unnovation, the opposite of innovation.
But it’s the reversible un- that has really been getting a workout lately, even more so than its semantic sibling de- (as in declutter or defragment). Our expectations that any action can be taken back have been primed by a few decades of personal computing, which injected the founding metaphor of "undoing" into the common consciousness. An early glimmer of our Age of Undoing appeared in a prescient 1976 research report by Lance
A. Miller and JohnC. Thomas ofI.
B.M., drably titled "Behavioral Issues in the Use of Interactive Systems." "It would be quite useful," Miller and Thomas observe, "to permit users to ’take back’ at least the immediately preceding command (by issuing some special ’undo’ command)." Useful indeed!
The undo command would become a crucial feature of text editors and word processors in the PC era, assigned the now-familiar keyboard shortcut of Control-Z by programmers at the research center Xerox PAR
C. In the software of the 80’s, some undo commands became "multilevel," allowing users to take back a whole series of actions (called the undo stack), not just the most recent one. Ad-hoc un- verbs began to emerge for these reversible innovations. In 1984, the software company New Star introduced the unerase command for its word-processing program NewWord, whileI.B.M.’s VisiWord countered with undelete. From there it was a quick step to unbolding, unitalicizing and even un-underlining your errantly formatted text.
The Yale University linguist Laurence R. Horn sees an earlier technological metaphor at work in the flurry of un- verbs. As Horn writes in "Uncovering the Un-Word," a paper in the journal Sophia Linguistica: "The prevailing sense is that for something to unhappen, the tape of reality must be set to Rewind. That this is a practical impossibility . . . does not make the metaphor any the less attractive." Rewinding the tape of reality is an appealing metaphor in science fiction, unsurprisingly. Nancy Etchemendy’s young-adult novel, "The Power of Un," features a middle-school student who operates a gizmo called "The Unner" to go back in time and undo past events.
Songwriters have also made poetic use of the un- prefix to imagine the reversal of irreversible things, notably falling in and out of love. It’s a useful lyrical trick in such genres as folk rock (Lucinda Williams’s "Unsuffer Me"), R & B (Toni Braxton’s "Un- Break My Heart") and country (Lynn Anderson’s "How Can I Unlove You?"). But as Horn points out, imaginary unloving has been going on for centuries in English literature, from Chaucer to Bront~: Jane Eyre confides, "I had learned to love Mr. Rochester; I could not unlove him now."
What sets latter-day un-verbs apart from these historical examples is that the "reality rewind" is no longer a flight of counterfactual fancy: it’s built right into the interfaces that we use to make sense of our shared virtual worlds. [br] The un-prefix can be used to do the following EXCEPT ______.
选项
A、to negate adjectives
B、to reverse an action
C、to negate nouns
D、to stop an action
答案
D
解析
此题是事实题。由第四段可知,前缀“un”可以被用来否定形容词、否定名词、撤销动作。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3273629.html
相关试题推荐
NowadaysinChina,somefamousathletesandentertainersearnmillionsofdol
DickensandThackeray,whoaremostfamousfortheirnovel,livedintheperiod
HermanMelvillewasfamousforhis______.A、TheScarletLetterB、ThePortraitof
Irelandhasalottoofferthetravelerbesidesitsfamouslygreencountrysid
Irelandhasalottoofferthetravelerbesidesitsfamouslygreencountrysid
Irelandhasalottoofferthetravelerbesidesitsfamouslygreencountrysid
Irelandhasalottoofferthetravelerbesidesitsfamouslygreencountrysid
______gavethefamousspeechIhaveadream.A、PresidentLincolnB、MartinLuther
______wasfamousforthetechniqueof"stream-ofconsciousness"innovelwritin
Thedisturbanceofthesoulcannotbeendednortruejoycreatedeitherbyth
随机试题
TherecentannouncementthatGPs(全科医生)maysendpatientswithdepressionaway
Ournexttaskistoconsiderthepoliciesandprinciplesaruleroughttofo
Collegecostsvaryquiteabit,dependinguponthetypeofschoolattended.
[originaltext]Manystudentstrytostudythewholenightanddonotsleepbe
A公司的资本结构为付息债务占40%,权益资本占60%,所得税税率为25%,可比公
如图,正方形ABCD的边长为2,点O是对角线BD上的一点,点O从B点出发沿对角线
下列关于人权的表述,正确的是A.人权就是指公民权利和政治权利 B.人权价值可作
一住店客人未付房钱即想离开旅馆去车站。旅馆服务员揪住他不让走,并打报警电话。客人
劳动者有下列()情形的,用人单位可以随时解除劳动合同。A.在试用期间被证明不符
市场整体对风险越是厌恶和回避,市场风险溢酬的数值就越小。( )
最新回复
(
0
)